Diversity and Entrepreneurialism: PN Review , Feminism and the Arts Council of Great Britain, 1973-1990
Diversity and Entrepreneurialism: PN Review , Feminism and the Arts Council of Great Britain, 1973-1990
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多样性和创业精神：PN Review、女权主义和英国艺术委员会，1973-1990
DOI：
10.1093/tcbh/hwab020
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Jaillant L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaillant L
本文考察了英国曼彻斯特著名诗歌杂志《PN评论》在20世纪70年代和80年代第二波女权主义运动中的演变。这本杂志主要由英国艺术理事会资助，最初并不欢迎女性诗人和撰稿人。女性的诗歌经常被刊登在杂志上，很少有女性为这本杂志投稿。然而，从20世纪80年代初开始，《PN Review》开始收录更多的女性诗人--这一转变是由创始编辑迈克尔·施密特领导的，他渴望将被遗忘和忽视的女性诗人列入他的名单。本文认为，公共资金的变化，以及女性作家和女权主义思想的市场机会增加，迫使杂志迅速发展和适应。妇女在出版界的作用越来越明显，女权主义者出版社Virago（创建于1973年）的成功就表明了这一点。女诗人越来越直言不讳，公开谴责她们在诗歌界的边缘化。玛格丽特·撒切尔政府决定削减资金，这导致了深刻的变化，因为艺术理事会的“客户”为了在坚韧的环境中生存而激烈竞争。艺术委员会优先事项的变化-包括在出版方面需要更多的多样性-也对赠款持有者产生了影响。因此，PN Review提供了一个很好的例子，说明一个文学机构是通过来自英国艺术理事会和市场的外部压力直接推动性别多样性的。
This article examines the evolution ofPN Review, a leading Manchester-based poetry magazine, in relation to second-wave feminism in the 1970s and 1980s. Largely funded by the Arts Council of Great Britain, the magazine was initially not a welcoming place for female poets and contributors. Women’s poetry was often disparaged, and few women contributed to the magazine. From the early 1980s, however,PN Reviewstarted to include more women voices—a transition led by the founding editor Michael Schmidt, who was eager to include forgotten and neglected female poets on his list. This essay argues that changes in public funding, and increased market opportunities for women authors and feminist ideas, forced the magazine to evolve and adapt quickly. Women were taking a more visible role in the publishing world, as the success of the feminist press Virago (created in 1973) shows. Women poets were becoming more vocal, and openly denounced their marginalization in the poetry scene. The funding cuts decided by Margaret Thatcher’s government led to profound changes as Arts Council ‘clients’ competed fiercely to survive in a tough landscape. Changing priorities at the Arts Council—including the need for more diversity in publishing—also had an impact on grant holders.PN Reviewtherefore offers a good example of a literary institution that was directly pushed towards gender diversity through external pressures from the Arts Council of Great Britain and the market.