Finding optimal control strategies for invasive species: a density‐structured model for Spartina alterniflora
Finding optimal control strategies for invasive species: a density‐structured model for Spartina alterniflora
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0021-8901.2004.00979.x
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发表时间：
2004-12
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Caz M Taylor;A. Hastings
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Caz M Taylor;A. Hastings
摘要1目前可用于改进消灭入侵物种进程的一般性指导方针很少。我们解决了一个基本的问题，它是否是更有效的优先删除离群值或核心种群的入侵草，互花米草。2我们使用了一个结构化的模型，在该模型中，入侵物种的种群被划分为不同的类的基础上本地同种密度，以调查密度为基础的根除策略。3美国华盛顿州太平洋沿岸河口的米草种群受到Allee效应的影响：在低密度的植物比在高密度的聚结草甸产生更少的繁殖体。然而，低密度的植物能够更快地传播植物。我们使用了遗传算法，以找到高密度和低密度的植物去除之间的资源的最佳划分。我们探讨了后果的Allee效应，对比财政预算可用于控制操作和包括幼苗控制除了控制成熟的植物。4我们发现最优策略依赖于可用于控制的年度预算。在低和中等预算的情况下，有必要首先清除低密度的植物以实现根除，但如果有更多的资金，那么最佳策略是优先考虑高密度地区。[5]如果没有阿利效应，最佳策略总是优先去除快速增长、低密度的子种群。幼苗控制并没有改变最佳策略，但在某些情况下，降低了根除成本。6合成与应用。考虑到未来预算分配用于控制入侵米草的不确定性，我们建议采取一种策略，优先去除低密度的米草亚群。高密度亚种群的优势。该系统中的Allee效应不足以强到超过植物在低密度下的快速营养扩散的重要性。
Summary 1 There are very few general guidelines available to improve the process of eradicating invasive species. We addressed the basic question of whether it is more efficient to prioritize the removal of outliers or core populations of an invasive grass, Spartina alterniflora. 2 We used a structured model in which the population of the invasive species is partitioned into different classes based on local conspecific density in order to investigate density-based eradication strategies. 3 The Spartina population at a Pacific coast estuary in Washington state, USA, is subject to an Allee effect: at low density plants produce fewer propagules than in high-density coalesced meadows. Plants at low density, however, are able to spread faster vegetatively. We used a genetic algorithm to find the optimal division of resources between removal of high-density and low-density plants. We explored the consequences of the Allee effect, contrasting financial budgets available for control operations and the inclusion of seedling control in addition to the control of mature plants. 4 We found that the optimal strategy was dependent on the annual budget available for control. At low and medium budgets, it was necessary to remove the low-density plants first to achieve eradication, but if more money was available then the optimal strategy was to prioritize high-density areas. 5 Without an Allee effect the optimal strategy would always be to prioritize the removal of fast-growing, low-density sub-populations. Seedling control did not change the optimal strategy but did, in some cases, reduce the cost of eradication. 6 Synthesis and applications. Given the uncertainty in future budgets allocated for control of invasive Spartina, we recommend a strategy that prioritizes the removal of low-density subpopulations of S. alterniflora over high-density subpopulations. The Allee effect in this system is not sufficiently strong to outweigh the importance of the rapid vegetative spread of the plants at low density.