Regiocrella, a new entomopathogenic genus with a pycnidial anamorph and its phylogenetic placement in the Clavicipitaceae
Regiocrella, a new entomopathogenic genus with a pycnidial anamorph and its phylogenetic placement in the Clavicipitaceae
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DOI：
10.3852/mycologia.97.6.1225
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Hodge, Kathie T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaverri, Priscila;Bischoff, Joseph F.;Hodge, Kathie T.
本文记述了一新属--新属，并记述了采自喀麦隆和中国的油料标本，并记述了两个种(R.camerunensis和R.sinensis)。这两种都寄生在介壳虫上(瓢虫科，同翅目)。形态和分子证据将新属归于Clavempitaceae(Hypocreales)，尽管它的特征组合是该科的非典型特征；Regiocrella的特征是子囊膜部分浸入小叶柄，非头状ASCI，单细胞纺锤形子囊孢子和分生孢子柄。根据子囊孢子和子囊膜大小区分了两个新种，即华南大麦和中国大黄。形态特征被评价并与其他科属比较，特别是那些寄生油垢的昆虫，或寄生有鳞翅目无变种或合变属的昆虫：阿特金森属、巴兰属、棍头属、表皮属、下钩虫属、多生孢子属和新棍棒属。利用大亚基核糖体DNA(LSU)、翻译延伸因子1-α(TEF)和RNA聚合酶II亚基I(PPB1)3个基因座研究了大环藻属的系统发育关系。本研究的结果证实了该属有别于该科其他属，它的两个种形成了一个单系群。小球藻与介壳虫病原菌Hypocrella，以及与植物相关的小球藻属(Balansia)、棒孢菌属(Clavicep)、表皮菌属(Epichloe)、链孢菌属(Myrigenospora)和新棒状菌属(Neoclavicep)关系密切。这项研究也提供了洞察力的演化，分生孢子柄和介壳虫寄生在橡胶科。植物伴生属组成一个单系群，与蜡梅亚科Clavempitoideae Sensu Diehl相关联。我们还证明了介壳虫寄生虫在科内具有多个进化起源，而具有雀斑-无腔变态或混生变态的属具有单一起源。
A new genus, Regiocrella, is described with two species, R. camerunensis and R. sinensis, based oil specimens collected in Cameroon and China. Both species are parasitic on scale insects (Coccidae, Homoptera). Morphological and molecular evidence place the new genus ill the Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales), despite its combination of characters that are atypical of that family; Regiocrella is characterized by having perithecia partly immersed in a subiculum, noncapitate asci, unicellular fusiform ascospores and pycnidial-acervular conidiomata. The two new species, R. camerunensis and R. sinensis, are distinguished based on ascospore and perithecium size. Morphological characters were evaluated and compared to other genera in the Clavicipitaceae, especially those parasitic oil scale insects or with pycnidial-acervular anamorphs or synanamorphs (i.e. Aschersonia, Ephelis or Sphacelia): Atkinsonella, Balansia, Claviceps, Epichloe, Hypocrella, Myriogenospora and Neoclaviceps. The phylogenetic relationships of Regiocrella were examined with three gene loci: large Subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF), and RNA polymerase II subunit I (PPB1). The results of this study Confirm that Regiocrella is distinct from other genera in the Clavicipitaceae and that its two species form a monophyletic group. Regiocrella is shown to be closely related to the scale insect pathogen Hypocrella, and the plant-associated genera Balansia, Claviceps, Epichloe, Myriogenospora and Neoclaviceps. This study also provides insights into the evolution of pycnidial-acervular conidiomata and scale insect parasitism within the Clavicipitaceae. Plant-associated genera form a monophyletic group correlated with Clavicipitaceae subfamily Clavicipitoideae sensu Diehl. We also demonstrate that scale insect parasites have multiple evolutionary origins within the family and genera with pycniclial-acervular anamorphs or synanamorphs have a single origin.