Microbiology: Mind the gaps in cellular evolution
Microbiology: Mind the gaps in cellular evolution
复制标题
微生物学：注意细胞进化的差距
DOI：
10.1038/nature21113
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
M. O’Connell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. McInerney;M. O’Connell
真核细胞具有膜结合核等复杂特征，是从缺乏这些成分的原核细胞进化而来的。一个新发现的原核生物群揭示了真核细胞进化的中间步骤。参见文章第 353 页 虽然真核细胞从原核细胞祖先的起源仍然是一个谜，但很明显，真核细胞的根源在于一组被称为古细菌的原核生物。最近对属于阿斯加德总门的新古细菌的鉴定，包括 Lokiarchaeota 和 Thorarchaeota，揭示了一组原核生物，其中含有许多仅在真核生物中发现的蛋白质和基因序列。 Thijs Ettema 及其同事通过描述阿斯加德总门的进一步补充：奥丁古菌门和海姆达尔古菌门，扩大了对真核根源的探索。新的 Asgard 基因组编码真核细胞膜运输机器的几个组件的同源物，这表明真核生物的古菌祖先有能力进化出真核细胞特有的复杂细胞特征。
Eukaryotic cells, with complex features such as membrane-bound nuclei, evolved from prokaryotic cells that lack these components. A newly identified prokaryotic group reveals intermediate steps in eukaryotic-cell evolution. See Article p.353 Although the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic ancestors remains an enigma, it has become clear that the root of eukaryotes lies among a group of prokaryotes known as archaea. The recent identification of newly described archaea belonging to the Asgard superphylum, including Lokiarchaeota and Thorarchaeota, revealed a group of prokaryotes containing many proteins and genetic sequences that are otherwise found only in eukaryotes. Thijs Ettema and colleagues extend the search for eukaryotic roots by describing further additions to the Asgard superphylum: the Odinarchaeota and Heimdallarchaeota. The new Asgard genomes encode homologues of several components of eukaryotic membrane-trafficking machineries, suggesting that the archaeal ancestor of eukaryotes was well equipped to evolve the complex cellular features that are characteristic of eukaryotic cells.