Tracing Modification to Cortical Circuits in Human and Nonhuman Primates from High-Resolution Tractography, Transcription, and Temporal Dimensions
Tracing Modification to Cortical Circuits in Human and Nonhuman Primates from High-Resolution Tractography, Transcription, and Temporal Dimensions
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1506-21.2022
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发表时间：
2022-05-04
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
van der Kouwe, Andre J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charvet, Christine J.;Ofori, Kwadwo;van der Kouwe, Andre J.
支持人类认知的神经回路是一个令人持久感兴趣的话题。然而，有有限的工具可用于绘制人类和非人类灵长类动物大脑中的大脑回路。我们利用高分辨率扩散磁共振纤维束成像，解剖学，和转录组数据从个人的任何性别，以调查额叶皮质回路的演变和发展。我们将机器学习应用于RNA测序数据，以找到人类和猕猴之间的对应年龄，并比较不同物种之间电路的发展。我们通过测试基因表达和白色物质成熟之间的关联来转录定义神经回路。然后，我们考虑了转录和结构的增长，以测试是否额叶皮层回路的成熟是不寻常的延长人类相对于其他物种。我们还考虑了成年人大脑的基因表达和高分辨率弥散磁共振纤维束成像，以测试额叶皮层回路的跨物种差异。我们发现，与成年小鼠相比，灵长类动物的额叶皮层回路发育延长，并伴随着皮质皮层通路的扩张。重要的是，我们发现这些参数在人类和研究的灵长类动物中变化相对较小。这些数据确定了一个令人惊讶的收集保守的功能，在额叶皮层电路在人类和旧世界的猴子。我们的工作表明，跨时间维度整合转录和结构数据是追踪灵长类动物脑通路进化的一种稳健方法。
The neural circuits that support human cognition are a topic of enduring interest. Yet, there are limited tools available to map brain circuits in the human and nonhuman primate brain. We harnessed high-resolution diffusion MR tractography, anatomic, and transcriptomic data from individuals of either sex to investigate the evolution and development of frontal cor-tex circuitry. We applied machine learning to RNA sequencing data to find corresponding ages between humans and maca-ques and to compare the development of circuits across species. We transcriptionally defined neural circuits by testing for associations between gene expression and white matter maturation. We then considered transcriptional and structural growth to test whether frontal cortex circuit maturation is unusually extended in humans relative to other species. We also consid-ered gene expression and high-resolution diffusion MR tractography of adult brains to test for cross-species variation in fron-tal cortex circuits. We found that frontal cortex circuitry development is extended in primates, and concomitant with an expansion in corticocortical pathways compared with mice in adulthood. Importantly, we found that these parameters varied relatively little across humans and studied primates. These data identify a surprising collection of conserved features in fron-tal cortex circuits across humans and Old World monkeys. Our work demonstrates that integrating transcriptional and struc-tural data across temporal dimensions is a robust approach to trace the evolution of brain pathways in primates.