Gender-based disparities in the impact of adverse childhood experiences on adult health: findings from a national study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Gender-based disparities in the impact of adverse childhood experiences on adult health: findings from a national study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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DOI：
10.1186/s12939-017-0588-9
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发表时间：
2017-05-30
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Al-Eissa, Majid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Almuneef, Maha;ElChoueiry, Nathalie;Al-Eissa, Majid
背景：不良童年经历（ACE）与一生中健康和社会问题的风险增加有关。关于发展中国家性别差异的研究很少。在本文中，我们将研究性别差异的类型报告的ACE和累积ACE和身心健康之间的性别特异性关系，并在成年期的危险健康行为（RHB）在沙特阿拉伯王国（KSA）。方法：在所有的13个地区在KSA在2013年使用ACE-国际问卷（ACE-IQ）进行了一项横截面的国家研究。我们采用多因素logistic回归分析，以探讨4 + ACE和身体，心理健康和RHB的男性和女性分别调整后的年龄，教育，婚姻状况和当前employment.Results：总人数的参与者为10,156和女性组成的样本的48%。大多数受访者（80%）报告至少有一个ACE。女性有更高的百分比< = 2 ACE（65%比55%; p < 0.05），而男性更可能有4+ ACE（33%比25%; p < 0.05）。与ACE为0的参与者相比，报告ACE为4+的男性使用药物（OR = 9.7; 95%CI：6.4-14.5）和饮酒（OR = 9.2; 95%CI：6.3-13.6）的可能性最高。另一方面，经历过4+ ACE的女性与抑郁（OR = 7.0; 95% CI：5.2-9.4），焦虑（OR = 6.4; 95% CI：5.0-8.2）和其他精神疾病（OR = 7.4; 95% CI：5.2-10.6）的可能性最高。至于慢性疾病，滥用的男性和女性在儿童期同样表现出两倍的风险增加发展糖尿病，高血压，冠心病和肥胖症相比，非滥用participator.Conclusion：研究结果强调，需要考虑性别的具体差异，在发展中的预防策略，以解决ACE在KSA。
Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been linked to an increased risk of health and social problems throughout life. Studies on gender differences from developing countries are scarce. In this paper, we will examine gender variations in the types of reported ACEs and gender-specific relationships between cumulative ACEs and physical and mental health, and Risky Health Behaviors (RHB) in adulthood in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).Methods: A cross sectional national study was conducted in all of the 13 regions in KSA in 2013 using the ACE-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the relationship between 4 + ACEs and physical, mental health and RHBs for both men and women separately after adjusting for age, education, marital status and current employment.Results: The total number of participants was 10,156 and women comprised 48% of the sample. The majority of respondents (80%) reported at least one ACE. Women had higher percentages of < = 2 ACEs (65% vs 55%; p < 0.05) while men were more likely to have 4+ ACEs (33% vs 25%; p < 0.05). When compared to participants with 0 ACE, men who reported 4+ ACEs were associated with the highest likelihood of using drugs (OR = 9.7; 95% CI: 6.4-14.5) and drinking alcohol (OR = 9.2; 95% CI: 6.3-13.6). On the other hand, women who experienced 4+ ACEs were associated with the highest likelihood of depression (OR = 7.0; 95% CI: 5.2-9.4), anxiety (OR = 6.4; 95% CI: 5.0-8.2) and other mental illnesses (OR = 7.4; 95% CI: 5.2-10.6). As for chronic diseases, abused men and women in childhood showed similarly a twofold increased risk of developing diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and obesity when compared to non-abused participants.Conclusion: Findings highlight the need to consider gender specific differences in the development of preventive strategies to address ACEs in KSA.