Sensitivity to discontinuous dependencies in language learners: evidence for limitations in processing space
Sensitivity to discontinuous dependencies in language learners: evidence for limitations in processing space
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DOI：
10.1016/s0010-0277(98)00060-2
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jusczyk, PW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santelmann, LM;Jusczyk, PW
使用头转向偏好程序的五项实验检查了 15 个月和 18 个月大的儿童对英语形态句法依赖性的敏感性。在每个实验中，孩子们都会接触到两种类型的段落。实验条件下的段落包含助动词 is 和结尾为 -ing 的主要动词之间格式良好的英语依存关系。控制条件中的段落包含情态助动词 can 和带有结尾 -ing 的主要动词的不语法组合。在实验中，通过在助动词和主要动词之间插入指定长度的副词来系统地改变从属语素之间的距离。结果表明，18 个月大的孩子对 is 和 -ing 之间的基本关系很敏感，但 15 个月大的孩子则不然。 18 个月大的孩子，而不是 15 个月大的孩子，听具有良好英语依存关系的段落的时间明显更长。此外，18 个月大的孩子仅在 1-3 个音节的有限范围内表现出对结构良好的依存关系的偏好。在 4-5 个音节的领域中，与对照段落相比，他们对实验段落没有表现出明显的偏好。这些发现表明 18 个月大的孩子可以追踪函子语素之间的关系。此外，这些发现与 18 个月大的孩子使用有限的处理窗口，并且他们仅拾取属于该窗口内的相关依赖性的假设是一致的。 (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
Five experiments using the Headturn preference Procedure examined 15- and 18-month-old children's sensitivity to morphosyntactic dependencies in English. In each experiment, the children were exposed to two types of passages. Passages in the experimental condition contained a well-formed English dependency between the auxiliary verb is and a main verb with the ending -ing. Passages in the control condition contained an ungrammatical combination of the modal auxiliary can and a main verb with the ending -ing. In the experiments, the distance between the dependent morphemes was systematically varied by inserting an adverbial of a specified length between the auxiliary and main verbs. The results indicated that 18-month-olds are sensitive to the basic relationship between is and -ing, but that 15-month-olds are not. The 18-month-olds, but not the 15-month-olds, listened significantly longer to the passages with the well-formed English dependency. In addition, the 18-month-olds showed this preference for the well-formed dependency only over a limited domain of 1-3 syllables. Over domains of 4-5 syllables, they showed no significant preference for the experimental over the control passages. These findings indicate that 18-month-olds can track relationships between functor morphemes. Additionally, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that 18-month-olds are working with a limited processing window, and that they are only picking up relevant dependencies that fall within this window. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.