Rapid increases in tropospheric ozone production and export from China
Rapid increases in tropospheric ozone production and export from China
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DOI：
10.1038/ngeo2493
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
W. Verstraeten;J. Neu;Jason E. Williams;K. Bowman;John R. Worden;K. Boersma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Verstraeten;J. Neu;Jason E. Williams;K. Bowman;John R. Worden;K. Boersma
在过去十年中，人口的快速增长和工业化推动了亚洲臭氧前体排放量的大幅增加，对区域和全球对流层臭氧水平的影响具有很大的不确定性。根据臭氧探测仪的测量，自2000年以来，亚洲两个地点的对流层臭氧浓度每年增加1%至3%，这一增加被认为有助于在北美西海岸观察到的臭氧水平的积极趋势。然而，亚洲对北美臭氧水平的贡献的模型估计并没有受到观测的很好的约束。在这里，我们解释的臭氧和它的前体NO2的对流层浓度的光环卫星测量，沿着其最大的自然源，平流层臭氧，使用TM5全球化学传输模式。我们发现，在2005年至2010年期间，中国上空对流层臭氧浓度增加了约7%，这是由于两个因素：中国排放量增加了约21%，平流层臭氧向下输送增加。此外，我们发现，从中国的臭氧及其前体的运输抵消了约43%的0.42 DU的自由对流层臭氧减少在美国西部，预计在2005年和2010年之间，由于与联邦，州和地方的空气质量政策相关的排放减少。我们的结论是，可能需要全球努力来解决区域空气质量和气候变化问题。
Rapid population growth and industrialization have driven substantial increases in Asian ozone precursor emissions over the past decade, with highly uncertain impacts on regional and global tropospheric ozone levels. According to ozonesonde measurements,, tropospheric ozone concentrations at two Asian sites have increased by 1 to 3% per year since 2000, an increase thought to contribute to positive trends in the ozone levels observed at North America’s West Coast,. However, model estimates of the Asian contribution to North American ozone levels are not well-constrained by observations,. Here we interpret Aura satellite measurements of tropospheric concentrations of ozone and its precursor NO2, along with its largest natural source, stratospheric ozone, using the TM5 global chemistry–transport model. We show that tropospheric ozone concentrations over China have increased by about 7% between 2005 and 2010 in response to two factors: a rise in Chinese emissions by about 21% and increased downward transport of stratospheric ozone. Furthermore, we find that transport from China of ozone and its precursors has offset about 43% of the 0.42 DU reduction in free-tropospheric ozone over the western United States that was expected between 2005 and 2010 as a result of emissions reductions associated with federal, state and local air quality policies. We conclude that global efforts may be required to address regional air quality and climate change.