Agronomic research in salt affected soils of India: An overview
Agronomic research in salt affected soils of India: An overview
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印度盐渍土壤农艺研究：概述
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. K. Chaudhari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Sharma;S. K. Chaudhari
地球上一直存在受盐影响的土壤，只是随着耕地压力的增加，人们才感觉到它的存在。本文概述了全国盐渍土壤的杰出农艺/农业研究。关于盐对农田影响的理解存在于吠陀时代之前和之后。农艺研究虽然本质上是零星的，但却是在雅利安文明时期开始的。在独立前时期，联合省（现北方邦）、信德省和未分裂的旁遮普省首先认识到土壤盐分问题。 Reh委员会的成立是对盐渍土壤进行初步研究的第一个系统步骤。但直到独立后卡纳尔中央土壤盐分研究所成立后，盐分研究才得到了推动。广泛开展了盐害土壤及其性质的基础研究，并开展了作物对盐分响应的农艺研究。农艺研究在受盐影响的土壤的复垦和管理方面取得了进展，并为受盐影响的土壤制定了标准农业实践。针对中度和严重退化的盐害土地开发了替代土地利用系统。通过 AICRP 关于土壤盐分和劣质水的利用以及印度-荷兰网络项目，盐分研究在该国表现出色。进一步的农艺研究已扩展到受盐影响的变性土、沿海盐渍土和 IGP 钠质土壤。论文还描述了盐度研究对印度农业的影响。本文还阐述了印度盐渍土壤农艺研究的未来问题。
The salt-affected soils always existed on the globe, only its presence was felt with increasing pressure on cultivated lands. Present paper describes an overview of ouotstanding agronomic/agricultural research carried out on salt affected soils throughout the country. Understanding of salt impacts on agricultural lands existed in pre- and post-Vedic era. Agronomic research, though sporadic in nature, was initiated during the Aryan civilization. During the pre-independence period, problems of salt affected soils were first recognized in the United Province (presently Uttar Pradesh), Sind Province and undivided Punjab Province. Constitution of Reh Committee was the first systematic step leading to preliminary research on salt affected soils. But salinity research got a boost only in post-independence period after establishment of Central Soil Salinity Research Institute at Karnal. Basic research on salt affected soils and their properties were extensively carried out and agronomic research on crop response to salinity was followed. Agronomic research advanced in reclamation and management of salt affected soils, and devising standard agro-practices for salt affected soils. Alternate land-use systems were developed for moderately and severely degraded salt affected lands. Research on salinity excelled in the country through AICRP on Soil Salinity and Use of Poor Quality Waters, and also through Indo-Dutch Network Project. Further Agronomic Research has been extended to salt affected Vertisols, coastal saline soils and sodic soils of IGP. Paper also describes the Impact of salinity research on Indian agriculture. Future issues in agronomic research on salt affected soils of India are also elaborated in the present paper.