Characterisation of archaeological waterlogged wood from Herculaneum by pyrolysis and mass spectrometry
Characterisation of archaeological waterlogged wood from Herculaneum by pyrolysis and mass spectrometry
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.06.024
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
D. Tamburini;J. Łucejko;F. Modugno;M. Colombini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Tamburini;J. Łucejko;F. Modugno;M. Colombini
化学性质是评估考古或历史上退化的木材腐烂程度的有价值的工具，也是选择最合适的保护技术的关键。本文报告了公元79年维苏威火山喷发埋葬的一座罗马别墅屋顶上的考古积水木材遗迹的结果。2009年，在极端潮湿的环境中，在古海岸线地区几米厚的固化火山碎屑下挖掘出了部分木制屋顶。2011年进行了抽样，并在赫库兰尼姆保护项目的框架内对样本进行了分析和表征。利用热解-气相色谱/质谱仪(Py-GC/MS)对降解木中的木质素和多糖含量进行了半定量分析，并通过对比考古木材和同树种完好木材的热解曲线进行了表征。采用基于主成分分析(PCA)的多元统计方法，对不同降解程度的样品进行比较，发现不同程度的木质素氧化程度和不同数量的残留多糖组分，即使在同一块屋顶上采集的样品之间也是如此。这意味着木材经历了不同的降解途径，如真菌或昆虫的降解。
Chemical characterization is a valuable tool for assessing the decay of archaeological or historical degraded wood it and is essential in selecting the most appropriate conservation techniques.This paper reports the results on archaeological waterlogged wood remains from the roof of a Roman villa buried in AD 79 by the eruption of Vesuvius. Parts of the wooden roof were excavated in 2009 under several meters of solidified pyroclastic material in the area of the ancient shoreline, in an extremely wet environment. The sampling was undertaken in 2011 and samples were analyzed and characterized within the framework of the Herculaneum Conservation Project. The degradation of the wood was assessed by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), an analytical approach that achieves semi-quantitative results on the content of lignin and polysaccharides in degraded wood.The characterization was based on a comparison of the pyrolysis profiles of archaeological wood with sound wood of the same species. To compare samples according to their state of degradation, a multivariate statistical approach based on principal component analysis (PCA) was used.The analyzed samples revealed different levels of lignin oxidation, and different amounts of residual polysaccharide components, even between samples taken from the same fragment of the roof. This means that the wood underwent different degradation pathways, such as degradation by fungi or insects.