Asymmetry in the rate of warming and the phenology of seasonal blooms in the Northeast US Shelf Ecosystem

Asymmetry in the rate of warming and the phenology of seasonal blooms in the Northeast US Shelf Ecosystem
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美国东北部陆架生态系统变暖速度和季节性花朵物候的不对称

DOI:
10.1093/icesjms/fsad007
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Brady, Damian C
Brady, Damian C
中科院分区:
农林科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Friedland, Kevin D;Record, Nicholas R;Pendleton, Daniel E;Balch, William M;Stamieszkin, Karen;Moisan, John R;Brady, Damian C

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预测海洋生态系统变暖对浮游植物生产的时间和规模的影响具有挑战性。例如,变暖可以促进分层的进展,从而改变营养物质对表层浮游植物的可用性,或影响表层混合层的深度,从而影响光的可用性。在这里,我们使用的时间序列的海表温度(SST)和叶绿素遥感产品的特点,在美国东北部的陆架生态系统的浮游植物群落温度升高的响应。在SST的变化率是在夏季比冬季在所有的生态区导致春季热转换的时间和幅度变化不大相比,在秋季过渡的显着变化。沿着春季热条件的物候变化不大,也没有证据表明春季开花时间和持续时间发生了变化。然而,我们观察到的变化,秋季开花时间在乔治银行生态区,开花开始转移到1998年至2020年之间的9月下旬至10月下旬-平均33天后。花期也由原来的7.5周缩短到5周。秋季花盛期的缩短可能是由于该地区秋季花盛期开始的层结发生逆转,而花盛期结束时的光限时间没有改变,这些变化可能与秋季热条件的变化和秋季热转换的显著变化有关。这些结果表明,在这个温带大陆架生态系统的春季开花物候可能更有弹性的热气候变化的影响比发生在其他时间的一年。
Predicting the impact of marine ecosystem warming on the timing and magnitude of phytoplankton production is challenging. For example, warming can advance the progression of stratification thereby changing the availability of nutrients to surface phytoplankton, or influence the surface mixed layer depth, thus affecting light availability. Here, we use a time series of sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll remote sensing products to characterize the response of the phytoplankton community to increased temperature in the Northeast US Shelf Ecosystem. The rate of change in SST was higher in the summer than in winter in all ecoregions resulting in little change in the timing and magnitude of the spring thermal transition compared to a significant change in the autumn transition. Along with little phenological shift in spring thermal conditions, there was also no evidence of a change in spring bloom timing and duration. However, we observed a change in autumn bloom timing in the Georges Bank ecoregion, where bloom initiation has shifted from late September to late October between 1998 and 2020—on average 33 d later. Bloom duration in this ecoregion also shortened from ∼7.5 to 5 weeks. The shortened autumn bloom may be caused by later overturn in stratification known to initiate autumn blooms in the region, whereas the timing of light limitation at the end of the bloom remains unchanged.  These changes in bloom timing and duration appear to be related to the change in autumn thermal conditions and the significant shift in autumn thermal transition. These results suggest that the spring bloom phenology in this temperate continental shelf ecosystem may be more resilient to thermal climate change effects than blooms occurring in other times of the year.
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