Cellular and molecular mechanisms of repair in acute and chronic wound healing.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of repair in acute and chronic wound healing.
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DOI：
10.1111/bjd.13954
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nunan R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martin P;Nunan R
通过研究各种动物模型，我们对健康急性伤口愈合的基本细胞和分子机制有了相当深入的了解，现在我们正在解开导致慢性伤口和病理性愈合（包括纤维化）的机制。一个小伤口通常会在几天内愈合，通过细胞迁移的紧密协调和适当水平的炎症，神经支配和血管生成。大手术可能需要几个星期才能愈合，并留下明显的疤痕。在极端情况下，慢性伤口-定义为3个月内未愈合的屏障缺陷-已成为整个西方世界的主要治疗挑战，并且只会随着我们人口的年龄增长以及糖尿病，肥胖和血管疾病发病率的增加而增加。在这里，我们描述了临床问题，以及如何通过基础研究人员和临床医生之间更好的对话，我们可以扩展我们目前的知识，使新的潜在治疗方法的发展。 很多人都知道有助于正常愈合的事件序列。 伤口愈合的两种病理是慢性伤口和瘢痕形成。 我们解释如何愈合的细胞和分子机制指导治疗策略。 我们介绍了斑马鱼和果蝇作为新的伤口愈合模型。 我们强调未回答的问题和伤口愈合研究的未来方向。
A considerable understanding of the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning healthy acute wound healing has been gleaned from studying various animal models, and we are now unravelling the mechanisms that lead to chronic wounds and pathological healing including fibrosis. A small cut will normally heal in days through tight orchestration of cell migration and appropriate levels of inflammation, innervation and angiogenesis. Major surgeries may take several weeks to heal and leave behind a noticeable scar. At the extreme end, chronic wounds – defined as a barrier defect that has not healed in 3 months – have become a major therapeutic challenge throughout the Western world and will only increase as our populations advance in age, and with the increasing incidence of diabetes, obesity and vascular disorders. Here we describe the clinical problems and how, through better dialogue between basic researchers and clinicians, we may extend our current knowledge to enable the development of novel potential therapeutic treatments. Much is known about the sequence of events contributing to normal healing. The two pathologies of wound healing are chronic wounds and scarring. We explain how the cell and molecular mechanisms of healing guide the therapeutic strategies. We introduce zebrafish and the fruit fly, Drosophila as novel wound healing models. We highlight unanswered questions and future directions for wound healing research.