The distribution of immunocompetent cells in the genital tract of HIV‐positive women
The distribution of immunocompetent cells in the genital tract of HIV‐positive women
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HIV阳性女性生殖道中免疫活性细胞的分布
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Poulter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Olaitan;M. Johnson;A. Maclean;L. Poulter
目的研究女性下生殖道免疫活性细胞的分布，探讨HIV感染后免疫活性细胞是否发生改变。方法对10例hiv阳性的性获得性感染妇女经前期进行镜下宫颈活检，并与hiv阴性对照。收集hiv感染者的外周血进行免疫研究。活检采用组织学、免疫组织化学和双免疫荧光技术显示免疫活性细胞分布。比较了hiv阳性组和阴性组子宫颈免疫细胞群的差异，以及hiv阳性组子宫颈和外周血的差异。结果与hiv阴性组相比，hiv阳性妇女宫颈活检的粘膜下朗格汉斯细胞和浆细胞计数明显减少，T淋巴细胞计数明显增加。在hiv阳性妇女的宫颈活检中，CD8+淋巴细胞数量增加，导致CD4/CD8比值倒置。这些CD8+细胞大多数是“记忆”（CD45RO+）细胞，表达穿孔素（细胞质溶解颗粒）和TIA-1（细胞溶解颗粒相关蛋白）的比例减少。未检测到自然杀伤（CD57）细胞标记物。外周血CD4淋巴细胞计数相对较高的hiv阳性女性中表达Bcl-2（一种抑制细胞凋亡的基因产物）的CD8+细胞水平高于hiv阴性女性，但这些水平随着CD4淋巴细胞计数的下降而下降（< 300×106/l）。即使外周血CD4计数相对较高，子宫颈CD4/CD8比值也会降低。结论shiv病与宫颈免疫活性细胞比例改变有关。CD8+ t淋巴细胞增加，细胞溶解能力降低；因此，CD8+细胞可能缺乏对病毒感染的反应能力。朗格汉斯细胞和浆细胞的减少可能反映了CD4+ T细胞信号的丢失。这些发现可能在一定程度上解释了为什么感染艾滋病毒的妇女即使在外周免疫功能完好的情况下也容易复发真菌和病毒感染。迫切需要进一步的免疫细胞功能研究来进一步阐明这些发现。
ObjectiveTo study the distribution of immunocompetent cells in the female lower genital tract and to determine whether it is altered in HIV infection. MethodsColposcopically directed cervical biopsies were taken in the premenstrual phase of 10 HIV-positive women with sexually acquired infection, and matched HIV-negative controls. Peripheral blood was collected from the HIV-infected group for immune studies. Histological, immunohistochemical and double immunofluorescence techniques were applied to the biopsies to reveal immunocompetent cell distribution. Comparisons were made between the immune cell populations in the cervix in the HIV-positive and negative groups, and between the cervix and peripheral blood in the HIV-positive group. ResultsCervical biopsies from HIV-positive women had significantly reduced Langerhans' and plasma cell counts in the submucosa, but increased T lymphocyte counts compared with the HIV-negative group. There was an increase in CD8+ lymphocyte numbers in cervical biopsies of HIV-positive women, causing an inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio. The majority of these CD8+ cells were 'memory' (CD45RO+) cells, with reduced proportions expressing perforin (cytoplasmic cytolytic granules) and TIA-1 (cytolytic granule-associated protein). Natural killer (CD57) cell markers were not detected. The levels of CD8+ cells expressing Bcl-2 (a gene product inhibiting cell apoptosis) in HIV-positive women with relatively high peripheral CD4 lymphocyte cell counts was higher than in HIV-negative women, but these levels fell with declining CD4 lymphocyte counts (< 300×106/l). The reduction in CD4/CD8 ratio in the cervix occurred even with relatively high peripheral CD4 counts. ConclusionsHIV disease is associated with alterations in the proportions of immunocompetent cells in the cervix. There is an increase in CD8+ T-lymphocytes and evidence of reduced cytolytic capacity; thus, CD8+ cells may lack the ability to respond to viral infection. Reduction in Langerhans' and plasma cells may reflect loss of signals from CD4+ T cells. These findings may, in part, explain why HIV-infected women are susceptible to recurrent fungal and viral infections, even when peripheral immune function is intact. Further studies of immune cell function are urgently required to further elucidate these findings.