Diversity, Functional Similarity, and Top-Down Control Drive Synchronization and the Reliability of Ecosystem Function
Diversity, Functional Similarity, and Top-Down Control Drive Synchronization and the Reliability of Ecosystem Function
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DOI：
10.1086/674906
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Gaedke, Ursula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bauer, Barbara;Vos, Matthijs;Gaedke, Ursula
多样性促进生态系统功能可靠性的概念取决于群落生物量的时间变异性低于物种生物量的模式。然而，这种模式并不普遍，因为它依赖于补偿或独立的物种动态。相反，当营养级内同步发生时，群落生物量的变异性将接近种群水平的变异性。目前的知识未能整合物种丰富度，物种之间的功能距离，以及捕食和竞争的相对重要性如何结合联合收割机来驱动不同营养级的同步。在这里我们澄清这些机制。激烈的竞争促进了猎物的补偿动态，但在物种丰富度和功能相似性不断增加的情况下，捕食者可能同时越来越同步。相比之下，捕食者和猎物都表现出完美的同步下，强大的自上而下的控制，这是由低功能距离和高净增长潜力的捕食者的组合。在这种情况下，社区一级的生物量变异达到高峰，对生态系统功能的可靠性产生重大的不利后果。
The concept that diversity promotes reliability of ecosystem function depends on the pattern that community-level biomass shows lower temporal variability than species-level biomasses. However, this pattern is not universal, as it relies on compensatory or independent species dynamics. When in contrast within--trophic level synchronization occurs, variability of community biomass will approach population-level variability. Current knowledge fails to integrate how species richness, functional distance between species, and the relative importance of predation and competition combine to drive synchronization at different trophic levels. Here we clarify these mechanisms. Intense competition promotes compensatory dynamics in prey, but predators may at the same time increasingly synchronize, under increasing species richness and functional similarity. In contrast, predators and prey both show perfect synchronization under strong top-down control, which is promoted by a combination of low functional distance and high net growth potential of predators. Under such conditions, community-level biomass variability peaks, with major negative consequences for reliability of ecosystem function.