Epidemiology of paratuberculosis in sheep and goats in southern Spain
Epidemiology of paratuberculosis in sheep and goats in southern Spain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105637
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发表时间：
2022-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Cano-Terriza, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jimenez-Martin, Debora;Garcia-Bocanegra, Ignacio;Cano-Terriza, David
副结核病是一种由鸟分枝杆菌引起的世界性慢性传染病。副结核病（MAP），主要影响反刍动物物种。由于实施控制措施的成本和生产损失，这种疾病对小型反刍动物生产具有重大的经济影响。进行了一项横断面研究，以确定血清阳性率，空间分布和风险因素与MAP暴露在安达卢西亚（西班牙南部）的绵羊和山羊。以副结核菌原生质体抗原3（PPA 3）为包被抗原，用ELISA法检测了153个畜群4134头小反刍动物（绵羊2266头，山羊1868头）血清中的抗结核分枝杆菌抗体。在绵羊和山羊中分别检测到8.1%（183/2266; 95%CI：7.0-9.2%）和20.0%（374/1868; 95%CI：18.2-21.8%）的抗MAP抗体。绵羊和山羊的真实个体阳性率分别为8.4%（95%CI：6.9-10.1%）和25.2%（95%CI：22.7-27.8%）。在66.3%（55/83; 95%CI：56.1-76.4%）的绵羊群和90.0%（63/70; 95%CI：83.0-97.0%）的山羊群中检测到血清阳性。空间分析确定了与MAP血清阳性率较高的地区相关的三个统计学显著聚类（p < 0.05）。可能与MAP接触相关的主要风险因素是：物种（山羊）和缺乏周边牲畜围栏。这项研究的结果表明，MAP是广泛存在于西班牙南部的小反刍动物种群，并建议山羊可能发挥更重要的作用比绵羊在MAP的传输和维护。由于动物健康问题和副结核病的经济后果，需要适当的监测和控制计划，以减少MAP感染的风险，在这个国家的小反刍动物群。
Paratuberculosis is a worldwide, chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. para-tuberculosis (MAP) that mainly affects ruminant species. This disease has a significant economic impact on small ruminant production due to the costs of implementing control measures and production losses. A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence, spatial distribution and risk factors associated with MAP exposure in sheep and goats in Andalusia (southern Spain). Serum samples from 4134 small ruminants (2266 sheep and 1868 goats) in 153 flocks were tested by an in-house ELISA for antibodies against MAP using para-tuberculosis protoplasmic antigen 3 (PPA3) as coating antigen. Antibodies against MAP were detected in 8.1% (183/2266; 95% CI: 7.0-9.2%) of sheep and 20.0% (374/1868; 95% CI: 18.2-21.8%) of goats. The true indi-vidual seroprevalence was 8.4% (95% CI: 6.9-10.1%) in sheep and 25.2% (95% CI: 22.7-27.8%) in goats. Seropositivity was detected in 66.3% (55/83; 95% CI: 56.1-76.4%) of sheep herds and 90.0% (63/70; 95% CI: 83.0-97.0%) of goat herds. Spatial analysis identified three statistically significant clusters (p < 0.05) associated with areas with higher seroprevalence of MAP. The main risk factors potentially associated with MAP exposure were: species (goat) and absence of perimeter livestock fencing. The results of this study show that MAP is widespread in small ruminant populations in southern Spain and suggest that goats may play a more important role than sheep in the transmission and maintenance of MAP. Because of animal health concerns and the eco-nomic consequences of paratuberculosis, appropriate surveillance and control programs are required to reduce the risk of MAP infections in small ruminant flocks in this country.