Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence
Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2106130118
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发表时间：
2021-08
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通讯作者：
T. Qiu;Marie-Claire Aravena;R. Andrus;D. Ascoli;Y. Bergeron;R. Berretti;M. Bogdziewicz;T. Boivin;R. Bonal;Thomas Caignard;R. Calama;J. Julio Camarero;C. Clark;B. Courbaud;S. Delzon;Sergio Donoso Calderon;W. Farfán-Ríos;C. Gehring;G. Gilbert;C. Greenberg;Q. Guo;Janneke Hille Ris Lambers;Kazuhiko Hoshizaki;I. Ibáñez;V. Journé;Christopher L. Kilner;R. Kobe;W. Koenig;G. Kunstler;J. M. LaMontagne;Mateusz Ledwoń;J. Lutz;R. Motta;J. Myers;T. Nagel;C. Nuñez;I. Pearse;Łukasz Piechnik;J. Poulsen;Renata Poulton-Kamakura;M. Redmond;Chantal D. Reid;K. Rodman;C. Scher;Harald Schmidt Van Marle;Barbara Seget;Shubhi Sharma;M. Silman;J. Swenson;M. Swift;M. Uriarte;G. Vacchiano;T. Veblen;A. Whipple;T. Whitham;A. Wion;S. Wright;K. Zhu;J. Zimmerman;M. Żywiec;J. Clark
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作者：
T. Qiu;Marie-Claire Aravena;R. Andrus;D. Ascoli;Y. Bergeron;R. Berretti;M. Bogdziewicz;T. Boivin;R. Bonal;Thomas Caignard;R. Calama;J. Julio Camarero;C. Clark;B. Courbaud;S. Delzon;Sergio Donoso Calderon;W. Farfán-Ríos;C. Gehring;G. Gilbert;C. Greenberg;Q. Guo;Janneke Hille Ris Lambers;Kazuhiko Hoshizaki;I. Ibáñez;V. Journé;Christopher L. Kilner;R. Kobe;W. Koenig;G. Kunstler;J. M. LaMontagne;Mateusz Ledwoń;J. Lutz;R. Motta;J. Myers;T. Nagel;C. Nuñez;I. Pearse;Łukasz Piechnik;J. Poulsen;Renata Poulton-Kamakura;M. Redmond;Chantal D. Reid;K. Rodman;C. Scher;Harald Schmidt Van Marle;Barbara Seget;Shubhi Sharma;M. Silman;J. Swenson;M. Swift;M. Uriarte;G. Vacchiano;T. Veblen;A. Whipple;T. Whitham;A. Wion;S. Wright;K. Zhu;J. Zimmerman;M. Żywiec;J. Clark
在大型老树的生理衰退可能涉及减少生殖努力，但缺乏证据。全球分析发现，大树繁殖力下降是普遍的，与生理下降一致，从而为树木衰老提供了新的证据。对于20%的物种没有表现出繁殖力下降，这种缺乏证据与特定的物种群无关，而是与数据中缺乏大树有关。大型树木的结构属性仍然很重要，但结果突出了中间树对繁殖的贡献的关键作用。尽管它的重要性，森林再生，食物网和人类经济，树木的大小和年龄的树木繁殖力的变化仍然在很大程度上未知。在生态模型中假设的树木直径异速生长增加将大大高估种子的贡献，从大树，如果繁殖力最终下降的大小。目前的估计主要是在回归模型中的小树代表性过高。我们结合了全球生殖力数据，包括大量的大型树木。我们比较了与传统的异速生长与直径和两个模型的基础上冠结构的大小繁殖力的关系。所有异速生长模型都不能描述繁殖力随直径增加而下降的速率，在我们分析的597个物种中有80%的物种。生殖力下降的强有力的证据，超出了什么可以解释的冠结构变化，是符合生理下降。预测的大树生殖力的向下修正可以改善下一代的森林动态模型。
Significance Physiological decline in large, old trees could involve diminished reproductive effort, but evidence is lacking. A global analysis finds that fecundity decline in large trees is pervasive, consistent with physiological decline, thus providing new evidence for tree senescence. For the 20% of species not showing fecundity declines, this lack of evidence was linked not to specific species groups, but rather to lack of large trees in the data. Large trees remain important for their structural attributes, but results highlight the critical role of intermediate trees for their contribution to reproduction. Despite its importance for forest regeneration, food webs, and human economies, changes in tree fecundity with tree size and age remain largely unknown. The allometric increase with tree diameter assumed in ecological models would substantially overestimate seed contributions from large trees if fecundity eventually declines with size. Current estimates are dominated by overrepresentation of small trees in regression models. We combined global fecundity data, including a substantial representation of large trees. We compared size–fecundity relationships against traditional allometric scaling with diameter and two models based on crown architecture. All allometric models fail to describe the declining rate of increase in fecundity with diameter found for 80% of 597 species in our analysis. The strong evidence of declining fecundity, beyond what can be explained by crown architectural change, is consistent with physiological decline. A downward revision of projected fecundity of large trees can improve the next generation of forest dynamic models.