Inhibition and facilitation of pilocarpine-induced lacrimal flow by norepinephrine.
Inhibition and facilitation of pilocarpine-induced lacrimal flow by norepinephrine.
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去甲肾上腺素抑制和促进毛果芸香碱诱导的泪液流动。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1967
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Botelho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. M. Goldstein;A. De Palau;S. Botelho
进行本研究是因为以前关于拟交感神经药对流泪的影响的报道是基于间接的、不敏感的和非特异性的方法，因为它们不加区别地测量了有助于泪液形成的所有腺体的活性。本实验在戊巴比妥钠麻醉下于家兔下泪腺排泄管插管，用记录流量计测定泪液流量。股动脉压力和心电图连续记录，并与泪腺流量同步。结果如下：（1）静脉注射毛果芸香碱（0.1mg.每公斤），流量立即增加，最大为对照速率的11倍，并持续33分钟。(2)静脉注射去甲肾上腺素（10 ng/kg），延迟30秒后，产生持续2分钟的流量升高，最多为对照速率的3倍。(3)当在静脉注射去甲肾上腺素之前先静脉注射匹鲁卡品时，去甲肾上腺素引起显著的抑郁，随后流量增加，类似于单独使用去甲肾上腺素获得的流量增加。(4)局部动脉内注射毛果芸香碱（0.5 mg.每公斤）和去甲肾上腺素（每公斤5 μ g）产生的结果与静脉注射产生的结果相似。
The present investigation was undertaken because previous reports about the effects of sympathomimetics upon lacrimation were based upon methods which were indirect, insensitive, and nonspecific since they measured indiscriminately the activity of all glands that contribute to the formation of tears. In this study the excretory duct of the inferior lacrimal gland of the rabbit was cannulated under pentobarbital anesthesia and flow of lacrimal fluid was measured with a recording fiowmeter. Femoral artery pressure and the electrocardiogram were recorded continuously and simultaneously with lacrimal gland flow. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) After intravenous pilocarpine (0.1 mg. per kilogram) there was an immediate increase in flow which, at maximum, was eleven times the control rate and which persisted for 33 minutes. (2) Intravenous norepinephrine (10 ng per kilogram), after a 30 second delay, produced an elevation of flow that persisted for 2 minutes and which, at maximum, was three times the control rate. (3) When intravenous norepinephrine was preceded by an intravenous dose of pilocarpine, norepinephrine caused a significant depression which was followed by an increase in flow similar to that obtained with norepinephrine alone. (4) Local intra-arterial injections of pilocarpine (0.5 mg. per kilogram) and norepinephrine (5 ixg per kilogram) produced results similar to those produced by intravenous injections.