Toxicological properties of phosphorothioate and related esters present as impurities in technical organophosphorus insecticides.
Toxicological properties of phosphorothioate and related esters present as impurities in technical organophosphorus insecticides.
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硫代磷酸酯和相关酯作为工业有机磷杀虫剂中的杂质存在的毒理学特性。
DOI：
10.1080/15287398109529996
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fukuto,TR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Umetsu,N;Mallipudi,NM;Toia,RF;March,RB;Fukuto,TR
O，O，S -三甲基磷硫酸盐是几种技术性有机磷杀虫剂中的杂质，单次低至15 mg/kg的剂量口服大鼠可导致延迟死亡，死亡发生在治疗后4-22天。在小鼠中也观察到延迟毒性症状，但小鼠通常比大鼠更不敏感。O，O，S -三乙基硫代磷酸酯和do，S，S -三甲基硫代硫代磷酸酯在稍高的剂量下引起相同的中毒症状。用O，O，S -三甲基硫代磷酸酯治疗的大鼠在治疗后24小时内拒绝进食和饮水，直至死亡。注射营养液和阿托品均不能减轻或阻断中毒。然而，异构体，O，O -三甲基硫代磷酸酯是O，O，S -三甲基硫代磷酸酯毒性的有效拮抗剂。当剂量高达200 mg/kg时，仅1%的theO，O，O -三甲基异构体就能保护大鼠免受theO，O，O -三甲基异构体的中毒作用。单次口服O，O，S‐三甲基磷硫酸酯后，大鼠血清羧酸酯酶和胆碱酯酶被抑制时间较长，但当毒物中含有1%O，O，O‐三甲基异构体时，抑制时间明显缩短。
O,O,S‐Trimethyl phosphorothioate, an impurity in several technical organophosphorus insecticides, when administered orally to rats at single doses as low as 15 mg/kg caused delayed mortality, with death occurring 4–22 d after treatment. Delayed toxic signs were also observed in mice, but mice were generally less sensitive than rats.O,O,S‐Triethyl phosphorothioate andO,S,S‐trimethyl phosphorodithioate induced the same signs of intoxication at slightly higher doses. Rats treated withO,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate refused food and water within 24 h after treatment and did not eat or drink until the time of death. Neither injection of nutrient solution nor atropine served to reduce or block intoxication. However, the isomericO,O,O‐trimethyl phosphorothioate was a potent antagonist of the toxicity ofO,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate. As little as 1% of theO,O,O‐trimethyl isomer protected rats from the intoxicating effects of theO,O,S‐trimethyl isomer at doses as high as 200 mg/kg. Rat serum carboxylesterase and cholinesterase were inhibited for prolonged periods after a single oral dose ofO,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate, but the duration of inhibition was significantly less when the toxicant contained 1%O,O,O‐trimethyl isomer.