PHYSICOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON TURNIP-YELLOW-MOSAIC VIRUS - HOMOGENEITY, RELATIVE MOLECULAR MASSES, HYDRODYNAMIC RADII AND CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENCE OF PARAMETERS IN NON-DISSOCIATING SOLVENTS
PHYSICOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON TURNIP-YELLOW-MOSAIC VIRUS - HOMOGENEITY, RELATIVE MOLECULAR MASSES, HYDRODYNAMIC RADII AND CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENCE OF PARAMETERS IN NON-DISSOCIATING SOLVENTS
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DOI：
10.1042/bj2310549
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
JOHNSON, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HARDING, SE;JOHNSON, P
芜菁黄花叶病毒以其稳定、高度球形和单分散的特性，被选为测试运输流体动力学理论的合适模型物质。在明确且接近中性的缓冲系统中，可以准确测量沉降系数、扩散系数（通过光子相关光谱法获得）和粘度，作为浓度的函数。辅助信息也从极低速沉降平衡实验中获得。获得了表示沉降系数和扩散系数随重量浓度变化的系数，并且通过与其他数据结合，可以避免有关溶剂化的假设，并将此类回归系数转换为适合体积分数的形式。对巴彻勒的观点的某种程度的支持 [(1972)J.流体机械。 52, 245-268] 由此获得了计算结果，但在大部分 pH 范围内，系数明显小于根据他的理论计算出的系数。静电相互作用似乎是造成这些差异的原因。流体动力学半径（来自扩散系数）与根据热力学排除体积项计算出的流体动力学半径非常一致，但高于电子显微镜和 X 射线衍射显示的值，这是由于溶剂化而导致的差异。
Turnip-yellow-mosaic virus, with its stable, highly spherical and monodisperse character, was chosen as a suitable model substance with which to test hydrodynamic theories of transport. Sedimentation coefficients, diffusion coefficients (obtained through photon correlation spectroscopy) and viscosities were measured accurately as a function of concentration in well-defined and nearly neutral buffer systems. Anciliary information was also obtained from very-low-speed sedimentation-equilibrium experiments. The coefficients expressing the variation in sedimentation and diffusion coefficients with weight concentration were obtained, and by combination with other data it was possible to avoid assumptions concerning solvation and transform such regression coefficients into the form appropriate to volume fractions. Some measure of support for Batchelor''s [(1972)J. Fluid Mech. 52, 245-268] calculations was thus obtained, but over most of the pH range the coefficients were significantly smaller than those calculated from his theory. It seems likely that electrostatic interactions are responsible for the discrepancies. Hydrodynamic radii (from diffusion coefficients) were in very fair agreement with those calculated from the thermodynamic excluded-volume term, but were higher than indicated by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, a discrepancy ascribable to solvation.