RECRUITMENT TO HIGH-RISK ACTIVISM - THE CASE OF FREEDOM SUMMER
RECRUITMENT TO HIGH-RISK ACTIVISM - THE CASE OF FREEDOM SUMMER
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DOI：
10.1086/228463
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发表时间：
1986-07-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
MCADAM, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCADAM, D
本文提出并论证了区分“低风险/高成本行动主义”和“高风险/高成本行动主义”的重要性，并概述了后者的模型或招聘。该模型强调的重要性，结构和个人的动机因素，在高风险/成本的行动主义，认为强烈的意识形态认同的价值观的运动处置个人对参与，而以前的历史行动主义和整合到支持网络作为结构的“拉”鼓励个人，使他或她强烈持有的信念。该模型的效用，然后分析了一个高风险/成本的行动主义的单一实例：1964年的自由夏天项目。720名实际去了密西西比的人的项目申请数据以及241名“没有出现”的人的数据被用来解释申请人在各种因素方面的参与机会。这一分析的结果普遍证实了微观结构因素在招募运动中的重要性。参与者与退出者的区别主要在于他们（a）更多的组织联系，（B）更高水平的先前民权活动，以及（c）与其他参与者的更强和更广泛的联系。
This article proposes and argues for the importance of a distinction between "low-" and "high-risk/cost activism" and outlines a model or recruitment to the latter. The model emphasizes the importance of both structural and individual motivational factors in high-risk/cost activism; contending that an intense ideological identification with the values of the movement disposes the individual toward participation, while a prior history of activism and integration into supportive networks acts as the structural "pull" encouraging the individual to make good on his or her strongly held beliefs. The utility of the model is then analyzed in relation to a single instance of high-risk/cost activism: the 1964 Freedom Summer project. Data from project applications for 720 persons who actually went to Mississippi, as well as from 241 "no shows," are used to explain the applicants' chances of participation in terms of various factors. The results of this analysis generally confirm the importance of microstructural factors in recruitment to the campaign. Participants were distinguished from withdrawals primarily on the basis of their (a) greater number of organizational affiliations, (b) higher levels of prior civil rights activity, and (c) stronger and more extensive ties to other participants.