Predictors of Sustainability for Community-Managed Handpumps in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Uganda
Predictors of Sustainability for Community-Managed Handpumps in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Uganda
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DOI：
10.1021/es402086n
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发表时间：
2013-11-05
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Foster, Tim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Foster, Tim
几十年来，农村供水的可持续性一直是撒哈拉以南非洲的一项持久的政策挑战。利用迄今为止在撒哈拉以南非洲农村供水点收集的最大数据集，本文采用逻辑回归分析，以确定利比里亚，塞拉利昂和乌干达的25000多个社区管理的手泵的功能的业务，技术，机构，财务和环境预测。在所有三个国家中，与非功能性显著相关的风险因素是（a）系统年龄，（B）与区/县首府的距离，以及（c）没有收取用户费用。在至少一个国家的三个，其他变量有显着的多变量调整协会的功能状态包括井类型，手泵类型，资助组织，实施组织，备件接近，手泵机械师的可用性，定期维修，定期水委员会会议，妇女在水委员会的关键位置，雨季，和感知的水质。虽然调查结果加强了这样一种观点，即多方面的条件对社区管理的手泵的可持续性至关重要，但它们也表明，这些因素在很高比例的情况下仍然不存在。各国政府和发展伙伴必须大力加强对运营和维护系统的工后支持，并需要作出更大努力，测试和评估手泵供水管理的替代模式。
Rural water supply sustainability has remained an enduring policy challenge in sub-Saharan Africa for decades. Drawing on the largest data set assembled on rural water points in sub-Saharan Africa to date, this paper employs logistic regression analyses to identify operational, technical, institutional, financial, and environmental predictors of functionality for over 25 000 community-managed handpumps in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Uganda. Risk factors significantly associated with nonfunctionality across all three countries were (a) system age, (b) distance from district/county capital, and (c) absence of user fee collection. In at least one of the three countries, other variables found to have significant multivariable adjusted associations with functionality status included well type, handpump type, funding organization, implementing organization, spare parts proximity, availability of a handpump mechanic, regular servicing, regular water committee meetings, women in key water committee positions, rainfall season, and perceived water quality. While the findings reinforce views that a multifaceted range of conditions is critical for the sustainability of community-managed handpumps, they also demonstrate that these factors remain absent from a high proportion of cases. Governments and development partners must significantly strengthen postconstruction support for operation and maintenance systems, and greater efforts are needed to test and evaluate alternative models for managing handpump water supplies.