Three-dimensional architecture of inner medullary vasa recta
Three-dimensional architecture of inner medullary vasa recta
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DOI：
10.1152/ajprenal.00481.2005
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Dantzler, WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pannabecker, TL;Dantzler, WH
直小血管的功能和对集中机制的贡献取决于它们彼此之间以及与管状元件之间的三维关系。我们已经研究了三维结构的血管相对于管状结构在中央区域的大鼠肾脏内髓质从基地通过第一个3毫米，结合免疫组织化学和半自动图像采集技术与图形建模软件。通过免疫荧光，用针对与溶质和水转运相关的节段特异性蛋白（分别为尿素通道B、PV-1、水通道蛋白-1、ClC-K1、水通道蛋白-2）的抗体鉴定直降血管（DVR）、直升血管（AVR）、降细肢（DTL）、升细肢（ATL）和集合管（CD）的节段。结果表明：1）DVR，像DTLs一样，被排除在CD簇之外，我们以前已经证明CD簇是内髓的组织元件; 2）AVR，像ATL一样，几乎均匀地横向分布在CD簇内外的整个内髓; 3）CD簇外的DVR和AVR似乎充分并置，以允许良好的逆流交换; 4）在CD簇内，大约四个AVR紧密地邻接每个CD，以高度对称的方式围绕它;以及5）邻接每个CD的AVR和CD簇内的ATL形成重复的节点间隙空间，其由一侧上的CD、相对侧上的一个或多个ATL以及另外两侧中的每一侧上的一个AVR界定。这些关系对于建立和维持内髓渗透梯度可能非常重要。
The manner in which vasa recta function and contribute to the concentrating mechanism depends on their three-dimensional relationships to each other and to tubular elements. We have examined the three-dimensional architecture of vasculature relative to tubular structures in the central region of rat kidney inner medulla from the base through the first 3 mm by combining immunohistochemistry and semiautomated image acquisition techniques with graphical modeling software. Segments of descending vasa recta (DVR), ascending vasa recta (AVR), descending thin limb (DTL), ascending thin limb (ATL), and collecting duct (CD) were identified with antibodies against segment-specific proteins associated with solute and water transport ( urea channel B, PV-1, aquaporin-1, ClC-K1, aquaporin-2, respectively) by immunofluorescence. Results indicate: 1) DVR, like DTLs, are excluded from CD clusters that we have previously shown to be the organizing element for the inner medulla; 2) AVR, like ATLs, are nearly uniformly distributed transversely across the entire inner medulla outside of and within CD clusters; 3) DVR and AVR outside CD clusters appear to be sufficiently juxtaposed to permit good countercurrent exchange; 4) within CD clusters, about four AVR closely abut each CD, surrounding it in a highly symmetrical fashion; and 5) AVR abutting each CD and ATLs within CD clusters form repeating nodal interstitial spaces bordered by a CD on one side, one or more ATLs on the opposite side, and one AVR on each of the other two sides. These relationships may be highly significant for both establishing and maintaining the inner medullary osmotic gradient.