Role of the testis interstitial compartment in spermatogonial stem cell function.
Role of the testis interstitial compartment in spermatogonial stem cell function.
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DOI：
10.1530/rep-16-0588
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
DeFalco T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Potter SJ;DeFalco T
男性生育力是通过复杂的细胞和分子相互作用来维持的，这些相互作用确保精原干细胞（SSCs）通过精子发生和精子发生以产生精子的逐步分化过程进行。精原干细胞位于曲细精管中，为精子的发育提供了一个良好的环境。小管外的细胞，如间质细胞和管周细胞，也有助于指导SSC活性。本文综述了哺乳动物间质细胞（间质巨噬细胞、间质细胞和脉管系统）和管周细胞（管周巨噬细胞、管周肌样细胞）及其在调节SSC自我更新和分化中的作用。睾丸间质细胞是睾丸中主要的类固醇生成细胞，通过分泌胰岛素生长因子1（IGF 1）和集落刺激因子1（CSF 1）等因子影响精原干细胞。巨噬细胞通过多种可能的机制与精原干细胞相互作用，如CSF1和维甲酸（RA），分别诱导精原干细胞增殖或分化。血管系统通过CSF 1、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和调节氧水平影响SSC动力学。最后，管周肌样细胞产生SSC自我更新所需的最知名的因子之一，胶质细胞系衍生的神经营养因子（GDNF）以及CSF 1。总体而言，SSC与间质细胞和管周细胞的相互作用对于SSC功能至关重要，并且是促进男性生育力的重要潜在因素。
Male fertility is maintained through intricate cellular and molecular interactions that ensure spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) proceed in a step-wise differentiation process through spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis to produce sperm. SSCs lie within the seminiferous tubule compartment, which provides a nurturing environment for the development of sperm. Cells outside of the tubules, such as interstitial and peritubular cells, also help direct SSC activity. This review focuses on interstitial (interstitial macrophages, Leydig cells, and vasculature) and peritubular (peritubular macrophages, peritubular myoid cells) cells and their role in regulating SSC self-renewal and differentiation in mammals. Leydig cells, the major steroidogenic cells in the testis, influence SSCs through secreted factors, such as insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) and colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1). Macrophages interact with SSCs through various potential mechanisms, such as CSF1 and retinoic acid (RA), to induce proliferation or differentiation of SSCs, respectively. Vasculature influences SSC dynamics through CSF1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and regulating oxygen levels. Lastly, peritubular myoid cells produce one of the most well-known factors that is required for SSC self-renewal, glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), as well as CSF1. Overall, SSC interactions with interstitial and peritubular cells are critical for SSC function and are an important underlying factor promoting male fertility.