A critical analysis of court decision on mainstream school attendance of a child with medical care needs in Japan: a long way towards inclusive education
A critical analysis of court decision on mainstream school attendance of a child with medical care needs in Japan: a long way towards inclusive education
复制标题
对日本有医疗保健需求的儿童主流学校就读的法院判决的批判性分析：迈向包容性教育的漫长道路
DOI：
10.1080/13603116.2021.1888322
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Takahashi Kiriko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshitoshi Munehisa;Takahashi Kiriko
本文首先介绍了日本有关特殊教育的法律历史，以及随着联合国《残疾人权利公约》的批准，日本向包容性教育的转变。随着法律的变化，日本越来越多有持续医疗需求的儿童有机会进入主流学校。在最近的Kosuge诉神奈川县和川崎市案中，法院驳回了一名有医疗保健需要的儿童上主流学校的请求，并判决，根据儿童的残疾类型和残疾程度，而不是根据儿童的需要，也不管儿童父母的意愿，特殊需要学校（tokubetsushien gakkki）是儿童的适当安置。本文以《残疾人教育法》为基础，探讨了日本特殊教育法与美国类似制度的不足之处。我们建议有必要将包容作为基本人权，与《联合国儿童权利公约》第24条保持一致，而不是把重点放在IDEA中的连续教育原则上，并将法律付诸实践，使残疾儿童，包括有持续医疗需求的儿童，融入主流教育学校。
This paper begins by providing a history of Japanese law pertaining to special education and its change towards a more inclusive education with the ratification of United Nations Conventions of the Rights of People with Disabilities. With the changes in laws, more children with constant medical care needs in Japan have the opportunity to attend mainstream schools. The recent court case,Kosuge v. Kanagawa prefecture and Kawasaki city, ruled against a child with medical care needs to attend mainstream school and made the judgment that a special needs school (tokubetsushien gakkō) is the appropriate placement for the child based on the child’s disability type and degree of disability rather than needs and regardless of the wishes of the child’s parents. This paper explores the case judgement and discusses where Japanese special education laws fall short similar to that of the US system based on Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. We suggest the need to keep inclusion as the basic human rights aligned with the Article 24 of the UNCRPD rather than focusing on the continuum of education principle in IDEA, and operationalise the law into practice to make integration of children with disabilities, including children with constant medical care needs, into mainstream education schools.