Individual Differences in Ensemble Perception Reveal Multiple, Independent Levels of Ensemble Representation
Individual Differences in Ensemble Perception Reveal Multiple, Independent Levels of Ensemble Representation
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DOI：
10.1037/xge0000053
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Alvarez, George A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haberman, Jason;Brady, Timothy F.;Alvarez, George A.
包围感知，包括从一组项目中“看到平均值”的能力，在许多特征域（大小，方向，速度，面部表情等）中操作。虽然集合表征的普遍性已经得到了很好的确立，但这个过程的大规模认知架构仍然没有得到很好的定义。我们使用个体差异的方法来解决这个问题。在一系列实验中，观察者看到一组物体，并报告该组中的一个项目或整个组的平均值。高级集合表示（例如，平均面部表情）显示出完全独立于低级别整体表示（例如，平均取向）。相比之下，低级集合表示（例如，方向和颜色）彼此相关，但与高级集合表示（例如，面部表情和个人身份）。这些结果表明，有没有一个单一的域一般的合奏机制，各种合奏表示之间的关系取决于他们是如何接近的代表性空间。
Ensemble perception, including the ability to "see the average" from a group of items, operates in numerous feature domains (size, orientation, speed, facial expression, etc.). Although the ubiquity of ensemble representations is well established, the large-scale cognitive architecture of this process remains poorly defined. We address this using an individual differences approach. In a series of experiments, observers saw groups of objects and reported either a single item from the group or the average of the entire group. High-level ensemble representations (e.g., average facial expression) showed complete independence from low-level ensemble representations (e.g., average orientation). In contrast, low-level ensemble representations (e.g., orientation and color) were correlated with each other, but not with high-level ensemble representations (e.g., facial expression and person identity). These results suggest that there is not a single domain-general ensemble mechanism, and that the relationship among various ensemble representations depends on how proximal they are in representational space.