HIV Infection-Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response
HIV Infection-Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response
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DOI：
10.1086/651492
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发表时间：
2010-05-15
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Nunn, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Getahun, Haileyesus;Gunneberg, Christian;Nunn, Paul
在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(艾滋病毒)的3320万人中，估计有三分之一也感染了结核分枝杆菌。2008年，艾滋病毒感染者中估计有140万新的结核病病例，结核病占艾滋病相关死亡人数的26%。与未感染艾滋病毒的人相比，艾滋病毒感染者患结核病的相对风险从20倍到37倍不等，这取决于艾滋病毒的流行状况。2008年，全球有140万结核病患者接受了艾滋病毒检测，81个国家一半以上的结核病患者接受了艾滋病毒检测。在同一年，所有艾滋病毒感染者中只有4%的人接受了结核病筛查。艾滋病毒治疗服务的权力下放和加强其与结核病服务的结合至关重要。必须积极利用高度分散的结核病服务作为切入点，迅速扩大获得抗逆转录病毒治疗的机会和预防艾滋病毒感染的方法。
Of the 33.2 million persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one-third are estimated to also be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2008, there were an estimated 1.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) among persons with HIV infection, and TB accounted for 26% of AIDS-related deaths. The relative risk of TB among HIV-infected persons, compared with that among HIV-uninfected persons, ranges from 20- and 37-fold, depending on the state of the HIV epidemic. In 2008, 1.4 million patients with TB were tested globally for HIV, and 81 countries tested more than half of their patients with TB for HIV. Only 4% of all persons infected with HIV were screened for TB in the same year. Decentralization of HIV treatment services and strengthening of its integration with TB services are essential. Use of the highly decentralized TB services as an entry point to rapidly expand access to antiretroviral therapy and methods for prevention of HIV infection must be pursued aggressively.