Transcriptional Responses of the Trichoplusia ni Midgut to Oral Infection by the Baculovirus Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus
Transcriptional Responses of the Trichoplusia ni Midgut to Oral Infection by the Baculovirus Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.00353-19
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
A. Shrestha;Kan Bao;Wenbo Chen;Ping Wang;Z. Fei;G. Blissard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Shrestha;Kan Bao;Wenbo Chen;Ping Wang;Z. Fei;G. Blissard
杆状病毒是许多重要害虫物种的致病性病原体。在寄主粉纹夜蛾中，当闭塞衍生病毒（ODV）表型的感染性病毒体进入中肠上皮细胞并随后在中肠上皮细胞中复制时，感染开始于中肠。在那里产生第二种病毒体表型（出芽病毒[BV]），BV介导动物的全身感染。大多数先前关于杆状病毒感染的详细研究都集中在培养细胞的BV感染上。在这项研究中，我们研究了T。ni中肠对ODV感染的杆状病毒AcMNPV，并确定了多种宿主基因，显着响应病毒感染。了解宿主中肠对病毒感染的转录反应对于了解动物整体的双相感染至关重要。摘要杆状病毒是一种大的双链DNA病毒，是某些昆虫的致病性病原。在天然宿主粉纹夜蛾中，当病毒的封闭形式在中肠中解体并且病毒体感染中肠上皮细胞以建立感染的初级阶段时，由模式杆状病毒苜蓿银纹夜蛾多核多角体病毒（AcMNPV）引起的感染开始。为了更好地了解AcMNPV感染周期的初级阶段，新蜕皮的5龄T。ni幼虫经口感染AcMNPV封闭体后，T. ni中肠在感染后0至72 h的不同时间进行了分析，使用转录组测序分析和T.参考基因组。差异表达的宿主基因的数量随着感染的进展而增加，我们总共鉴定了3,372个差异表达的T。在AcMNPV感染的中肠中的ni转录物。编码HMG 176、atlastin和CPH43的直向同源物的基因在AcMNPV感染后最显著地上调。许多细胞色素P450基因在感染后下调。我们还鉴定了AcMNPV感染对与先天免疫相关的大量基因的影响。这种分析提供了丰富的新的和详细的信息，在感染的主要阶段，在中肠的杆状病毒感染的主机响应，将是重要的了解杆状病毒如何建立生产性感染的生物体。重要性杆状病毒是许多重要昆虫害虫物种的毒性病原体。在寄主粉纹夜蛾中，当闭塞衍生病毒（ODV）表型的感染性病毒体进入中肠上皮细胞并随后在中肠上皮细胞中复制时，感染开始于中肠。在那里产生第二种病毒体表型（出芽病毒[BV]），BV介导动物的全身感染。大多数先前关于杆状病毒感染的详细研究都集中在培养细胞的BV感染上。在这项研究中，我们研究了T。ni中肠对ODV感染的杆状病毒AcMNPV，并确定了多种宿主基因，显着响应病毒感染。了解宿主中肠对病毒感染的转录反应对于了解动物整体的双相感染至关重要。
Baculoviruses are virulent pathogens of a number of important insect pest species. In the host Trichoplusia ni, infection begins in the midgut when infectious virions of the occlusion-derived virus (ODV) phenotype enter and subsequently replicate in cells of the midgut epithelium. A second virion phenotype (budded virus [BV]) is produced there, and BV mediates systemic infection of the animal. Most prior detailed studies of baculovirus infections have focused on BV infections of cultured cells. In this study, we examined the transcriptional responses of the T. ni midgut to infection by ODV of the baculovirus AcMNPV and identified a variety of host genes that respond dramatically to viral infection. Understanding the transcriptional responses of the host midgut to viral infection is critically important for understanding the biphasic infection in the animal as a whole. ABSTRACT Baculoviruses are large double-stranded DNA viruses that are virulent pathogens of certain insect species. In a natural host, Trichoplusia ni, infection by the model baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) begins when the occluded form of the virus disassembles in the midgut and virions infect midgut epithelial cells to establish the primary phase of the infection. To better understand the primary phase of the AcMNPV infection cycle, newly molted 5th-instar T. ni larvae were orally infected with AcMNPV occlusion bodies and the transcriptional responses of the T. ni midgut were analyzed at various times from 0 to 72 h postinfection, using transcriptome sequencing analysis and a T. ni reference genome. The numbers of differentially expressed host genes increased as the infection progressed, and we identified a total of 3,372 differentially expressed T. ni transcripts in the AcMNPV-infected midgut. Genes encoding orthologs of HMG176, atlastin, and CPH43 were among the most dramatically upregulated in response to AcMNPV infection. A number of cytochrome P450 genes were downregulated in response to infection. We also identified the effects of AcMNPV infection on a large variety of genes associated with innate immunity. This analysis provides an abundance of new and detailed information on host responses to baculovirus infection during the primary phase of the infection in the midgut and will be important for understanding how baculoviruses establish productive infections in the organism. IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses are virulent pathogens of a number of important insect pest species. In the host Trichoplusia ni, infection begins in the midgut when infectious virions of the occlusion-derived virus (ODV) phenotype enter and subsequently replicate in cells of the midgut epithelium. A second virion phenotype (budded virus [BV]) is produced there, and BV mediates systemic infection of the animal. Most prior detailed studies of baculovirus infections have focused on BV infections of cultured cells. In this study, we examined the transcriptional responses of the T. ni midgut to infection by ODV of the baculovirus AcMNPV and identified a variety of host genes that respond dramatically to viral infection. Understanding the transcriptional responses of the host midgut to viral infection is critically important for understanding the biphasic infection in the animal as a whole.