Surface Processes Driving Intracontinental Basin Subsidence in the Context of India–Eurasia Collision: Evidence from Flexural Subsidence Modeling of the Cenozoic Southern Tarim Basin along the West Kunlun Foreland, NW Tibetan Plateau
Surface Processes Driving Intracontinental Basin Subsidence in the Context of India–Eurasia Collision: Evidence from Flexural Subsidence Modeling of the Cenozoic Southern Tarim Basin along the West Kunlun Foreland, NW Tibetan Plateau
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DOI：
10.1111/1755-6724.15070
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发表时间：
2023-05
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通讯作者：
H. Huang;Xiubin Lin;Kaixuan An;Yuqing Zhang;Hanlin Chen;Xiaogan Cheng;Chunyang Li
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作者：
H. Huang;Xiubin Lin;Kaixuan An;Yuqing Zhang;Hanlin Chen;Xiaogan Cheng;Chunyang Li
印度-欧亚大陆碰撞形成了一批新生代深陆内盆地，为揭示远距离碰撞的远场响应提供了重要信息。尽管它们的重要性，它们的沉降机制仍然是争论的主题，端元模型将其归因于造山或沉积负荷。在这项研究中，我们使用二维有限弹性板模型对塔里木盆地南部沿着和田-玛扎塔格剖面进行了弯曲沉降模拟，该剖面定义了西昆仑造山带前陆的关键区域，沿着青藏高原西北边缘。模拟结果表明，西昆仑造山作用导致塔里木盆地南部沉降不超过1.6km，其影响向盆地内部减弱，直至卡拉喀什断裂以北1.230km。由新生代地层组成的沉积负荷迫使盆地沉降0.2 ~ 0.7km。结合原副特提斯海的退缩和塔里木盆地的古地理重组，我们认为，在印度-欧亚大陆碰撞的背景下，地表过程，特别是从外流到内流排水系统的转变，与随之而来的厚沉积负荷，在形成深陆内盆地中发挥了决定性作用。
The India–Eurasia collision has produced a number of Cenozoic deep intracontinental basins, which bear important information for revealing the far‐afield responses to the remote collision. Despite their significance, their subsiding mechanism remains the subject of debate, with end‐member models attributing it to either orogenic or sedimentary load. In this study, we conduct flexural subsidence modeling with a two‐dimensional finite elastic plate model on the Hotan–Mazatagh section along the southern Tarim Basin, which defines a key region in the foreland of the West Kunlun Orogen, along the NW margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The modeling results indicate that the orogenic load of West Kunlun triggers the southern Tarim Basin to subside by up to less than ∼6 km, with its impact weakening towards the basin interiors until ∼230 km north from the Karakax fault. The sedimentary load, consisting of Cenozoic strata, forces the basin to subside by ∼2 to ∼7 km. In combination with the retreat of the proto‐Paratethys Sea and the paleogeographic reorganization of the Tarim Basin, we propose that surface processes, in particular a shift from an exorheic to an endorheic drainage system associated with the consequent thick sedimentary load, played a decisive role in forming deep intracontinental basins in the context of the India–Eurasia collision.