Spotlight on recent advances in cardiovascular biology.
Spotlight on recent advances in cardiovascular biology.
复制标题
聚焦心血管生物学的最新进展。
DOI：
10.1038/s12276-019-0354-8
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Cho,HeeCheol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kook,Hyun;Cho,HeeCheol
传统上，基础心血管研究被限定为研究心脏的两个建筑领域之一；心肌和冠状血管。技术进步继续促进对心脏稳态生理学和病理生理学的机械见解。与此同时，基因治疗和干细胞生物学的转化工作已经在动物模型和临床试验中利用了新获得的概念来创造疾病修饰活动。总之，这些进展模糊了心肌和循环之间的结构界限，并使我们认识到心脏各个领域共同的关键信号通路，以及根据空间和时间背景发挥相反作用的分子信号的流动性。在这个主题系列中，四篇综述文章聚焦于心血管研究的关键概念进展。它以Kwong及其同事关于线粒体代谢的文章开篇，以及针对线粒体活性氧的策略，以获得更好的治疗效果。De Couto将心脏再生/修复与心脏内最活跃的细胞类型之一巨噬细胞联系起来，并提出了通过细胞外囊泡调节免疫细胞特性的方法。Kassiri及其同事强调了细胞外环境在主动脉瘤背景下的重要性，以及选择正确的模型来研究特定基质的重要性。最后，Eom和Yoon将分子概念结合在一起，展示了理解一种难以捉摸的心力衰竭形式的最新技术，这种心力衰竭在有效泵血能力方面似乎是正常的。这四篇文章都强调了当前高度相关的主题。在PubMed上快速搜索一下，就会发现近年来在每个主题上发表的同行评议文章数量几乎呈指数级增长（图1）。将这四篇文章联系在一起的是上述观点；了解线粒体代谢、巨噬细胞调节和细胞外基质的主要成分将是开发治疗心力衰竭等复杂疾病的关键。
Classically, basic cardiovascular research has been delimited to investigating one of the two architectural territories of the heart; the myocardium and the coronary vasculature. Technological advances continue to foster mechanistic insights on homeostatic physiology and pathophysiology of the heart. In parallel, translational efforts in gene therapy 1 and stem cell biology 2 have exploited newly-gained concepts toward creating diseasemodifying activities in animal models and clinical trials. Together, these advances have blurred the structural boundaries between the myocardium and the circulation, and brought us to appreciate the key signaling pathways that are common to various domains of the heart as well as the fluidity of molecular signals that play opposing roles depending on the spatial and temporal context. In this thematic series, four review articles bring spotlights on key conceptual advances in the cardiovascular research. It opens with Kwong and colleagues’ article on mitochondrial metabolism, and strategies to target specifically the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species for better therapeutic outcomes. De Couto connects cardiac regeneration/repair with one of the most dynamic cell types within the heart, the macrophages, and presents approaches to modulating the immune cells’ properties with extracellular vesicles. Kassiri and colleagues highlight the significance of the extracellular milieu in the context of aortic aneurism, and the importance of choosing the correct model to study specific matrix. Finally, Eom and Yoon bring together the molecular concepts and present the-state-of-the art in understanding an elusive form of heart failure that appears to be normal in its ability to pump blood effectively. All four articles underscore topics that are highly relevant now. A quick search on PubMed illustrate nearly an exponential increase in the number of peer-reviewed articles published in recent years on each topic (Fig. 1). What ties the four articles together is the aforementioned idea; understanding principal components of mitochondrial metabolism, macrophage modulation, and extracellular matrix will be key to developing therapeutic approaches to a complex disease such as heart failure.