Human Germline and Heritable Genome Editing: The Global Policy Landscape
Human Germline and Heritable Genome Editing: The Global Policy Landscape
复制标题
DOI：
10.1089/crispr.2020.0082
复制
发表时间：
2020-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Krahn, Timothy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baylis, Francoise;Darnovsky, Marcy;Krahn, Timothy M.
关于人类生殖系和可遗传基因组编辑治理的讨论和辩论应该通过对全球政策格局的清晰和准确理解来提供信息。这项对106个国家的政策调查产生了重要的新数据。绝大多数接受调查的国家（106个中的96个）都有政策文件-立法，法规，指南，代码和国际条约-与使用基因组编辑来修改早期人类胚胎，配子或其前体细胞有关。在这96个国家中，大多数国家没有专门针对在实验室研究中使用转基因体外胚胎（生殖系基因组编辑）的政策;在有政策的国家中，23个国家禁止这种研究，11个国家明确允许。在这75个国家中，有5个国家规定了禁令的例外情况。没有国家明确允许可遗传的人类基因组编辑。这些数据与以前报道的结果形成鲜明对比。
Discussions and debates about the governance of human germline and heritable genome editing should be informed by a clear and accurate understanding of the global policy landscape. This policy survey of 106 countries yields significant new data. A large majority of countries (96 out of 106) surveyed have policy documents- legislation, regulations, guidelines, codes, and international treaties-relevant to the use of genome editing to modify early-stage human embryos, gametes, or their precursor cells. Most of these 96 countries do not have policies that specifically address the use of genetically modified in vitro embryos in laboratory research (germline genome editing); of those that do, 23 prohibit this research and 11 explicitly permit it. Seventy-five of the 96 countries prohibit the use of genetically modified in vitro embryos to initiate a pregnancy (heritable genome editing). Five of these 75 countries provide exceptions to their prohibitions. No country explicitly permits heritable human genome editing. These data contrast markedly with previously reported findings.