Evaluating non-medical prescription opioid demand using commodity purchase tasks: test-retest reliability and incremental validity.
Evaluating non-medical prescription opioid demand using commodity purchase tasks: test-retest reliability and incremental validity.
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使用商品购买任务评估非医疗处方阿片类药物需求：重测可靠性和增量有效性。
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-019-05234-y
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Stoops,WilliamW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strickland,JustinC;Lile,JoshuaA;Stoops,WilliamW
非医疗处方阿片类药物使用和阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）是一个重大的公共卫生问题。确定OUD的行为机制将有助于制定更好的预防和干预方法。行为经济需求已被广泛评估作为衡量酒精和香烟，而处方阿片类药物已收到相对较少的attention. ObjectivesUtilize购买任务程序来衡量阿片类药物demands.MethodsIndividualreporting过去一年的非医疗处方阿片类药物使用的增量效度和重测信度招募使用众包平台亚马逊土耳其机械（mTurk）。参与者完成了阿片类药物购买任务以及大麻需求，延迟折扣和自我报告疼痛的措施。一个月的随访被用来评估重测reliability. ResultsMore激烈和无弹性阿片类药物的需求与OUD和更激烈的大麻需求与大麻使用障碍。多变量模型表明，较高的阿片类药物强度和陡峭的阿片类药物延迟贴现率，每个显着和独特的预测OUD。阿片类药物需求强度的增加，而不是弹性，与更高的自我报告的疼痛，并没有观察到与阿片类药物的疼痛缓解感知的关系。阿片类药物需求显示出可接受的良好的重测信度（例如，强度r xx = 0.75;弹性r xx = 0.63）。大麻需求的时间可靠性较低（例如，intensityrxx =.53; elasticityrxx =.58）和折扣率（rxx =.42-.61）. ConclusionsOpioid需求是递增有效的和重测可靠的购买任务。这些研究结果支持行为经济需求作为一种临床有用的药物评估措施，对个体差异变量敏感。
RationaleNon-medical prescription opioid use and opioid use disorder (OUD) present a significant public health concern. Identifying behavioral mechanisms underlying OUD will assist in developing improved prevention and intervention approaches. Behavioral economic demand has been extensively evaluated as a measure of reinforcer valuation for alcohol and cigarettes, whereas prescription opioids have received comparatively little attention.ObjectivesUtilize a purchase task procedure to measure the incremental validity and test-retest reliability of opioid demand.MethodsIndividuals reporting past year non-medical prescription opioid use were recruited using the crowdsourcing platform Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk). Participants completed an opioid purchase task as well as measures of cannabis demand, delay discounting, and self-reported pain. A 1-month follow-up was used to evaluate test-retest reliability.ResultsMore intense and inelastic opioid demand was associated with OUD and more intense cannabis demand was associated with cannabis use disorder. Multivariable models indicated that higher opioid intensity and steeper opioid delay discounting rates each significantly and uniquely predicted OUD. Increased opioid demand intensity, but not elasticity, was associated with higher self-reported pain, and no relationship was observed with perceived pain relief from opioids. Opioid demand showed acceptable-to-good test-retest reliability (e.g., intensityrxx= .75; elasticityrxx= .63). Temporal reliability was lower for cannabis demand (e.g., intensityrxx= .53; elasticityrxx= .58) and discounting rates (rxx= .42–.61).ConclusionsOpioid demand was incrementally valid and test-retest reliable as measured by purchase tasks. These findings support behavioral economic demand as a clinically useful measure of drug valuation that is sensitive to individual difference variables.