Secular Changes in Body Proportions and Composition
Secular Changes in Body Proportions and Composition
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身体比例和成分的长期变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Himes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Himes
尺寸的长期趋势表现为大多数身体尺寸的增加；然而，很少有人注意到可能伴随的身体比例或组成的长期变化的问题。改变身体比例或组成的概念意味着身体组织对造成长期变化的任何因素的反应不同。因此，与肌肉或脂肪相比，骨骼对世俗因素的反应或多或少；随着时间的推移，这种变化可以看作是身体成分或身体比例的变化。组织间异速反应也可能因身体部位的不同而不同。因此，例如骨骼的生长，例如躯干或手臂的伸长，可能与腿部的伸长不成比例；因此，身体比例可能被改变。对比例和构图的长期变化的解释可能相当直接，如在前面的例子中，也可能相当复杂，如头部或面部可能的形状变化。本章回顾了已证明总体体型长期变化的人群中身体比例和组成的选定指数。
The manifestations of the secular trend in size are seen as increases in most body dimensions; however, little attention has been given to the question of possible concomitant secular changes in body proportions or composition. The notion of altering body proportions or composition implies tissues of the body respond differentially to whatever factors are responsible for secular changes. Hence, bone may respond more or less to secular factors than does muscle or fat; such modification through time may be seen as changes in body composition or body proportions. An intertissue allometric response also may vary according to particular body site. So, for example, the growth of bone, such as the elongation of the trunk or arms, may not be proportionate to that of the elongation of the legs; thus, body proportions may be altered. The interpretation of secular changes in proportions and composition may be rather straightforward, as in the previous examples, or may be quite complex, such as possible shape changes of the head or face. This chapter reviews selected indices of body proportions and composition in populations that have evidenced secular changes in overall body size.