PUBLIC DRINKING VENUES AS RISK ENVIRONMENTS: COMMERCIAL SEX, ALCOHOL AND VIOLENCE IN A LARGE INFORMAL SETTLEMENT IN NAIROBI, KENYA.
PUBLIC DRINKING VENUES AS RISK ENVIRONMENTS: COMMERCIAL SEX, ALCOHOL AND VIOLENCE IN A LARGE INFORMAL SETTLEMENT IN NAIROBI, KENYA.
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DOI:
10.1007/s10745-017-9897-2
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发表时间:
2017-04
期刊:
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Hallsgrimdottir H
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roth EA;Benoit C;Jansson M;Hallsgrimdottir H
Sub-Saharan African HIV/AIDS research emphasizes situating studies in locales where new sexual partnerships form and HIV transmission risk is high (Weir et al. 2003; Sandøy et al. 2008). Sub-Saharan Africa public drinking venues meet both criteria, with new partnerships formed between female sex workers (FSW) and male bar patrons, and HIV transmission rates elevated from alcohol-related behavior including interpersonal violence (Li and Stanton 2010; Woolf-King et al. 2013). As such sub-Saharan public drinking venues represent Brisk environments,^ a concept originally developed for injection drug use research (Rhodes 2002), but subsequently extended to commercial sex work (Deering et al. 2013). Rhodes et al.(2005: 1027) defined HIV risk environments as B… the space, whether social or physical, in which a variety of factors exogenous to the individual interact to increase vulnerability to HIV.^ The goal of this study is to delineate risk patterns and interrelationships associated with commercial sex work, alcohol consumption, and interpersonal violence in the risk environment of public drinking venues, using data from the underresearched perspective of male bar patrons in the large informal settlement of Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya. Early research on the sub-Saharan HIV/AIDS pandemic highlighted the epidemiological importance of female commercial sex work (Ngugi et al. 1988), and commercial sex remains an important driver of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa (Mishra et al. 2016). In addition, sub-Saharan commercial sex work research consistently revealed high levels of physical and sexual violence against FSW. For example, a multi-site Kenyan survey of 475 FSW reported that in the previous month 35% had been raped by a client (Elmore-Meegan et al. 2004). Furthermore, several studies have shown alcohol consumption exacerbates the dual risks of HIV infection and violence associated with commercial sex in sub-Saharan Africa. Reviews indicate strong associations between alcohol consumption and condom-less commercial sexual intercourse (Kalichman et al. 2007; Woolf-King and Maisto 2011), while Chersich et al.(2007) reported that Nairobi FSW who binge drink were more likely to be sexually assaulted by their clients compared to those who do not. Nairobi FSW recognize this last association and reported abstaining from drinking alcohol with clients in order to avoid potentially risky situations (Okal et al. 2011). Violence against male clients by FSW is also reported, although far less frequently, and usually from high-income countries. In their synthesis of prostitution-related homicides drawn from a variety of criminal justice, vital statistics, and media databases in the United States, Brewer et al.(2006) found 49 murders of male clients in Chicago and St. Louis from 1965 to 1995. FSW were responsible for 77% of these homicides and pimps/managers for 13%. In Canada, Kurtz
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DOI:
10.1097/qai.0b013e3182968d39
发表时间:
2013-08-01
期刊:
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Deering KN;Lyons T;Feng CX;Nosyk B;Strathdee SA;Montaner JS;Shannon K
通讯作者:
Shannon K
影响因子:
--
作者:
Elmore-Meegan, M;Conroy, RM;Agala, CB
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Agala, CB
影响因子:
3.5
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Meyer, Jaimie P.;Springer, Sandra A.;Altice, Frederick L.
通讯作者:
Altice, Frederick L.
DOI:
10.1097/qai.0000000000000626
发表时间:
2015-06-01
期刊:
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Gilbert L;Raj A;Hien D;Stockman J;Terlikbayeva A;Wyatt G
通讯作者:
Wyatt G
影响因子:
4.2
作者:
Parry, Charles;Petersen, Petal;Treger, Latasha
通讯作者:
Treger, Latasha