Potential Chemosignals in the Anogenital Gland Secretion of Giant Pandas, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, Associated with Sex and Individual Identity
Potential Chemosignals in the Anogenital Gland Secretion of Giant Pandas, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, Associated with Sex and Individual Identity
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DOI：
10.1007/s10886-008-9441-3
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发表时间：
2008-02
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Jian-Xu Zhang;Dingzhen Liu;Lixing Sun;R. Wei;Guiquan Zhang;Honglin Wu;He-min Zhang;Chenghua Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jian-Xu Zhang;Dingzhen Liu;Lixing Sun;R. Wei;Guiquan Zhang;Honglin Wu;He-min Zhang;Chenghua Zhao
采用二氯甲烷提取法和气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对圈养大熊猫非交配期肛门生殖腺分泌物（AGS）进行分析，共检测出39种化合物（对应38个GC峰）。除了吲哚，角鲨烯，和一些直链脂肪酸的特点，以前从大熊猫的AGS，我们确定了几个新的化合物，如癸烯醛，癸二烯醛的两个异构体，苯乙酸，5-甲基乙内酰脲，氢醌，苯丙酸，和芥酸。20个主要GC峰的相对丰度的定量比较显示，5-甲基乙内酰脲，吲哚和芥酸是假定的女性信息素，而角鲨烯和氢醌是假定的男性信息素。除了一些个别特定的化合物的存在下，大多数的21种成分的相对丰度变化更个人之间比个人内。这表明，个人身份可能以数字和模拟形式编码。来自同一大熊猫的不同AGS样品的化学组成一致地显示最小聚类距离，远小于来自不同个体的样品之间的等级连锁聚类（平均连锁）树状图。我们的研究结果表明，AGS可能包含一个“气味指纹”。虽然推测的性信息素，如角鲨烯和芥酸，应进一步评估生物测定，我们的研究表明，合成的化学信号可能是有用的，在调节大熊猫的行为和生理。
With a combination of dichloromethane extraction and analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we found 39 compounds (corresponding to 38 GC peaks) in the anogenital gland secretion (AGS) of captive adult giant pandas,Ailuropoda melanoleuca, during the non-mating season. In addition to indole, squalene, and some of the straight-chain fatty acids that had been characterized previously from the AGS of giant pandas, we identified several new compounds such as decenal, two isomers of decadienal, phenylacetic acid, 5-methylhydantoin, hydroquinone, phenylpropanoic acid, and erucic acid. Quantitative comparison of the relative abundances of the 20 main GC peaks revealed that 5-methylhydantoin, indole, and erucic acid are putative female pheromones, whereas squalene and hydroquinone are putative male pheromones. In addition to the presence of a few individual-specific compounds, the relative abundances of most of the 21 constituents varied more among individuals than within individuals. This suggests that individual identity might be coded in both digital and analog form. The chemical composition of different AGS samples from the same pandas consistently displayed a minimum cluster distance, much smaller than that between samples from different individuals in a hierarchical linkage cluster (average linkage) dendrogram. Our results indicate that the AGS might contain an “odor fingerprint.” Although putative sex pheromones such as squalene and erucic acid should be assessed further by bioassay, our study suggests that synthetic chemosignals might be useful in modulating the behavior and physiology of giant pandas.