Working memory and binding in sentence recall
Working memory and binding in sentence recall
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2009.05.004
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Allen, R. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baddeley, A. D.;Hitch, G. J.;Allen, R. J.
一系列的实验探讨了言语材料的短期记忆中的组块是否取决于注意力有限的执行过程。次级任务被用来破坏工作记忆的组成部分和组块的句子优势效应，即即时回忆是更好的句子比单词列表。为了便于比较和最大限度地提高对工作记忆的要求，材料通过重新采样一小部分单词来限制。实验1证实了一个可靠的句子优势效应与约束材料。实验二表明，同时构音和视觉选择反应的次级任务损害了回忆，但没有消除或减少句子优势效应。这也是与视觉和语言的n-back并发任务（实验3）的情况下，与并发向后计数（实验4）。然而，倒计数与呈现记忆材料的模式相互作用，这表明我们未能找到并发任务和材料之间的相互作用并不归因于我们的方法。我们的结论是，执行过程是不是至关重要的句子组块的优势，我们讨论的情节缓冲区和其他理论帐户的工作记忆和组块的影响。(C)2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A series of experiments explored whether chunking in short-term memory for verbal materials depends on attentionally limited executive processes. Secondary tasks were used to disrupt components of working memory and chunking was indexed by the sentence superiority effect, whereby immediate recall is better for sentences than word lists. To facilitate comparisons and maximise demands on working memory, materials were constrained by re-sampling a small set of words. Experiment 1 confirmed a reliable sentence superiority effect with constrained materials. Experiment 2 showed that secondary tasks of concurrent articulation and visual choice reaction impaired recall, but did not remove or reduce the sentence superiority effect. This was also the case with visual and verbal n-back concurrent tasks (Experiment 3), and with concurrent backward counting (Experiment 4). Backward counting did however interact with mode of presenting the memory materials, suggesting that our failure to find interactions between concurrent task and materials was not attributable to our methodology. We conclude that executive processes are not crucial for the sentence chunking advantage and we discuss implications for the episodic buffer and other theoretical accounts of working memory and chunking. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.