Global analysis reveals complex demographic responses of mammals to climate change

Global analysis reveals complex demographic responses of mammals to climate change
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全球分析揭示了哺乳动物对气候变化的复杂人口反应

DOI:
10.1101/2019.12.16.878348
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Paniw M
Paniw M
中科院分区:
--
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作者:
Paniw M

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全球约有25%的哺乳动物面临灭绝的威胁,这一风险在气候变化下被放大。气候变化下的持久性取决于气候因素对多种人口比率(生存、发展、生殖)的综合影响,因此也取决于对人口动态的综合影响。因此,为了量化地球上哪些物种和地方最容易受到气候驱动的灭绝,需要对人口比例如何对气候做出反应进行全球性的了解。我们综合信息,在陆地哺乳动物,在广泛的人口统计数据。鉴于评估全方位反应的重要性,我们专注于将气候与多种人口比率定量联系起来的研究。我们确定了106个这样的研究,对应于86种哺乳动物。我们揭示了人口统计学研究的地点与目前公认的最易受气候变化影响的地区和类群之间存在很大的不匹配。此外,我们表明,气候变化对哺乳动物的影响将通过复杂的人口统计机制运作:绝大多数哺乳动物种群显示出某些人口统计率的预计增加,但其他人口统计率则下降。因此,在评估气候变化下的人口生存能力时,需要考虑到多种人口反应。我们主张优先采取协调行动,全面评估哺乳动物的人口统计,以实现全球有效的保护。
Approximately 25 % of mammals are threatened globally with extinction, a risk that is amplified under climate change. Persistence under climate change is determined by the combined effects of climatic factors on multiple demographic rates (survival, development, reproduction), and hence, on population dynamics. Thus, to quantify which species and places on Earth are most vulnerable to climate-driven extinction, a global understanding of how demographic rates respond to climate is needed. We synthesise information on such responses in terrestrial mammals, where extensive demographic data are available. Given the importance of assessing the full spectrum of responses, we focus on studies that quantitatively link climate to multiple demographic rates. We identify 106 such studies, corresponding to 86 mammal species. We reveal a strong mismatch between the locations of demographic studies and the regions and taxa currently recognised as most vulnerable to climate change,. Moreover, we show that the effects of climate change on mammals will operate via complex demographic mechanisms: a vast majority of mammal populations display projected increases in some demographic rates but declines in others. Assessments of population viability under climate change therefore need to account for multiple demographic responses. We advocate to prioritise coordinated actions to assess mammal demography holistically for effective conservation worldwide.
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