Forecasting temporal variation of aftershocks immediately after a main shock using Gaussian process regression

Forecasting temporal variation of aftershocks immediately after a main shock using Gaussian process regression
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使用高斯过程回归预测主震后余震的时间变化

DOI:
10.1093/gji/ggab124
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
and N. Hirata
and N. Hirata
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Morikawa;K.;H. Nagao;S. Ito;Y. Terada;S. Sakai;and N. Hirata

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揭示余震震级和到达时间的分布是了解地震序列特征的关键,这使我们能够预测地震活动并进行灾害评估。然而,由于到达的地震波的污染,在主震之后立即确定余震的次数实际上很困难。为了克服这个困难,我们基于检测到的数据构建了可能性,并结合了应用高斯过程回归(GPR)的检测函数。探地雷达不仅能够与检测函数一起估计余震分布的参数,而且能够估计参数和检测函数的可信区间。高斯过程和余震的分布都是指数函数的特性导致了一种有效的贝叶斯计算算法来估计超参数。经过数值试验验证后,该方法回顾性应用于2004年中越地震相关目录数据,用于余震的早期预报。结果表明,即使在主震发生后≤3小时内,该方法也能稳定地同时估计分布参数和可信区间。
Uncovering the distribution of magnitudes and arrival times of aftershocks is a key to comprehending the characteristics of earthquake sequences, which enables us to predict seismic activities and conduct hazard assessments. However, identifying the number of aftershocks immediately after the main shock is practically difficult due to contaminations of arriving seismic waves. To overcome this difficulty, we construct a likelihood based on the detected data, incorporating a detection function to which Gaussian process regression (GPR) is applied. The GPR is capable of estimating not only the parameters of the distribution of aftershocks together with the detection function, but also credible intervals for both the parameters and the detection function. The property that the distributions of both the Gaussian process and aftershocks are exponential functions leads to an efficient Bayesian computational algorithm to estimate hyperparameters. After its validation through numerical tests, the proposed method is retrospectively applied to the catalogue data related to the 2004 Chuetsu earthquake for the early forecasting of the aftershocks. The results show that the proposed method stably and simultaneously estimates distribution parameters and credible intervals, even withint≤ 3 hr after the main shock.
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