Community-Level Consequences of Cannibalism
Community-Level Consequences of Cannibalism
复制标题
同类相食对社区造成的后果
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
L. A. Vøllestad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ohlberger;Ø. Langangen;N. Stenseth;L. A. Vøllestad
生态相互作用决定了群落的结构和动态及其对环境的反应。因此，了解生态相互作用对群落的影响，如种内和种间竞争、捕食和自相残杀，是生态学理论和生态系统管理的核心。在这里，我们调查了在依赖密度的成熟和繁殖的种群中食人的社区水平的后果。我们建立了一个具有个体发育饮食转变的阶段性消费者群体模型，以分析食人行为如何改变特定阶段捕食者和竞争者入侵和持续生存的条件。我们的结果表明，食人的相互作用可以促进与其他物种在这两个营养水平的共存。这种自相残杀的影响严重地取决于人口过程对食物的依赖。潜在的机制是自相残杀导致消费者生活阶段之间的生物量分配发生变化。这些发现表明，食人行为可能通过影响物种共存来改变生态群落的结构。
Ecological interactions determine the structure and dynamics of communities and their responses to the environment. Understanding the community-level effects of ecological interactions, such as intra- and interspecifc competition, predation, and cannibalism, is therefore central to ecological theory and ecosystem management. Here, we investigate the community-level consequences of cannibalism in populations with density-dependent maturation and reproduction. We model a stage-structured consumer population with an ontogenetic diet shift to analyze how cannibalism alters the conditions for the invasion and persistence of stage-specific predators and competitors. Our results demonstrate that cannibalistic interactions can facilitate coexistence with other species at both trophic levels. This effect of cannibalism critically depends on the food dependence of the demographic processes. The underlying mechanism is a cannibalism-induced shift in the biomass distribution between the consumer life stages. These findings suggest that cannibalism may alter the structure of ecological communities through its effects on species coexistence.