Computational approaches to cell-nanomaterial interactions: keeping balance between therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity
Computational approaches to cell-nanomaterial interactions: keeping balance between therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity
复制标题
细胞-纳米材料相互作用的计算方法：保持治疗效率和细胞毒性之间的平衡
DOI：
10.1039/c7nh00138j
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Ma Yu qiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding Hong ming;Ma Yu qiang
与传统材料相比，纳米材料具有明显的先天优势，由于其独特的性质，在生物医学领域得到了广泛的应用。然而，纳米材料也可能导致蛋白质、基因和细胞功能障碍，导致细胞毒性和遗传毒性反应。近年来，纳米材料的潜在毒性受到越来越多的关注，尤其是纳米材料对人类健康和安全的危害。因此，在将纳米材料用于生物医学应用时，保持治疗效率和细胞毒性之间的平衡(即在提高治疗效率的同时降低潜在的毒性)是非常重要的。这需要更深入地了解各种类型的纳米材料与生物系统在纳米/生物界面上的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们将从理论研究人员的角度，主要根据最近的模拟结果，介绍纳米材料引起细胞毒性的物理机制的研究现状。此外，还将详细讨论将自然和人工毒性降至最低的策略。此外，我们应该注意到，毒性并不总是对临床使用不利，因为导致特定细胞死亡是治疗疾病的主要方法。提高纳米材料对病变细胞的靶向能力，并将其对正常细胞的副作用降至最低，一直是纳米医学中极具挑战性的问题。通过结合最新的计算研究和一些实验验证，我们将提供关于这些问题的最新进展的特别见解，特别是在设计新型环境响应型纳米材料方面。
Owing to their unique properties, nanomaterials have been widely used in biomedicine since they have obvious inherent advantages over traditional ones. However, nanomaterials may also cause dysfunction in proteins, genes and cells, resulting in cytotoxic and genotoxic responses. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to these potential toxicities of nanomaterials, especially to the risks of nanomaterials to human health and safety. Therefore, when using nanomaterials for biomedical applications, it is of great importance to keep the balance between therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity (i.e., increase the therapeutic efficiency as well as decrease the potential toxicity). This requires a deeper understanding of the interactions between various types of nanomaterials and biological systems at the nano/bio interface. In this review, from the point of view of theoretical researchers, we will present the current status regarding the physical mechanism of cytotoxicity caused by nanomaterials, mainly based on recent simulation results. In addition, the strategies for minimizing the nanotoxicity naturally and artificially will also be discussed in detail. Furthermore, we should notice that toxicity is not always bad for clinical use since causing the death of specific cells is the main way of treating disease. Enhancing the targeting ability of nanomaterials to diseased cells and minimizing their side effects on normal cells will always be hugely challenging issues in nanomedicine. By combining the latest computational studies with some experimental verifications, we will provide special insights into recent advances regarding these problems, especially for the design of novel environment-responsive nanomaterials.