Advancement of the Emerging Field of RNA Nanotechnology.
Advancement of the Emerging Field of RNA Nanotechnology.
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DOI：
10.1021/acsnano.6b05737
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发表时间：
2017-02-28
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Guo P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jasinski D;Haque F;Binzel DW;Guo P
RNA纳米技术领域在过去十年中发展迅速。各种可编程的RNA纳米颗粒具有确定的形状，大小和化学计量已被开发用于纳米生物技术的各种应用。RNA纳米颗粒的日益普及是由于许多因素：（1）通过将化学修饰引入核苷酸而不显著改变RNA在折叠和自组装中的性质，消除了RNA在体外和体内降解的担忧;（2）证实了RNA显示出非常高的热力学稳定性并且适合于体内运输和其他应用的概念;（3）获得调整用于体内应用的合成RNA构建体的免疫原性的知识;（4）增加对RNA分子的4D结构和分子间相互作用的理解;（5）开发控制RNA纳米颗粒的形状、大小和化学计量的方法;（6）增加对细胞中RNA的调节和加工功能的知识;（7）降低通过生物和化学合成生产RNA的成本;和（8）证明RNA是用于癌症和其他疾病的安全和特异性治疗方式的概念，在重要器官中很少或没有积累。RNA纳米技术的其他应用，例如使其适应于构建用于组织工程、生物传感、电阻生物记忆和潜在的计算机逻辑门模块的2D、3D和4D结构，激发了科学界的兴趣。这篇综述旨在概述RNA纳米颗粒作为可编程智能复合物的当前技术水平，并提供了在这个快速发展的领域中有前途的研究途径的前景。
The field of RNA nanotechnology has advanced rapidly during the past decade. A variety of programmable RNA nanoparticles with defined shape, size, and stoichiometry have been developed for diverse applications in nanobiotechnology. The rising popularity of RNA nanoparticles is due to a number of factors: (1) removing the concern of RNA degradation in vitro and in vivo by introducing chemical modification into nucleotides without significant alteration of the RNA property in folding and self-assembly; (2) confirming the concept that RNA displays very high thermodynamic stability and is suitable for in vivo trafficking and other applications; (3) obtaining the knowledge to tune the immunogenic properties of synthetic RNA constructs for in vivo applications; (4) increased understanding of the 4D structure and intermolecular interaction of RNA molecules; (5) developing methods to control shape, size, and stoichiometry of RNA nanoparticles; (6) increasing knowledge of regulation and processing functions of RNA in cells; (7) decreasing cost of RNA production by biological and chemical synthesis; and (8) proving the concept that RNA is a safe and specific therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases with little or no accumulation in vital organs. Other applications of RNA nanotechnology, such as adapting them to construct 2D, 3D, and 4D structures for use in tissue engineering, biosensing, resistive biomemory, and potential computer logic gate modules, have stimulated the interest of the scientific community. This review aims to outline the current state of the art of RNA nanoparticles as programmable smart complexes and offers perspectives on the promising avenues of research in this fast-growing field.