Detection and significance of koi herpesvirus (KHV) in freshwater environments
Detection and significance of koi herpesvirus (KHV) in freshwater environments
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01874.x
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kawabata, Zen'ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsui, Kazuaki;Honjo, Mie;Kawabata, Zen'ichiro
1.锦鲤疱疹病毒病（KHV）是鲤鱼和锦鲤的一种致死性疾病，自20世纪90年代末以来迅速蔓延。只有少数研究集中在自然淡水环境中的KHV的生态学，虽然表征和KHV疾病的诊断已经深入研究。这主要是由于自然环境中KHV缺乏可靠的检测方法。三种不同的方法已被用于检测鱼样品中的KHV：（i）使用培养的细胞系分离和鉴定病毒;（ii）使用靶DNA扩增技术检测病毒DNA;和（iii）使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测抗KHV抗体。在这些方法中，DNA扩增技术由于其灵敏度和简单性而成为最受欢迎的.与在鱼类样品中检测到KHV相反，尚未报告从水和沉积物样品中检测到KHV。这是由于缺乏可靠的水和沉积物样品的KHV浓度方法，尽管公共卫生和海洋微生物学的方法可能适用于确定这些样品中的KHV浓度。很少有报告评估影响水体中KHV归宿的环境因素（如温度、紫外线照射）。KHV感染引起的野生鲤鱼的大量死亡将导致大型杂食性鱼类从淡水生态系统中消失，从而可能改变群落结构和生态系统功能。
1. Koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease, a lethal disease in carp and koi, has spread rapidly since the late 1990s. Only a few studies have focused on the ecology of KHV in natural freshwater environments, although characterization and the diagnosis of KHV disease have been intensively studied. This is mainly due to the lack of reliable detection methods for KHV in natural environments.2. Three different approaches have been used to detect KHV in fish samples: (i) isolation and identification of the virus using cultured cell lines; (ii) detection of viral DNA with target DNA amplification techniques; and (iii) detection of anti-KHV antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among these methods, DNA amplification techniques have become most popular because of their sensitivity and simplicity.3. In contrast to KHV detection in fish samples, detection of KHV from water and sediment samples has not been reported. This is the result of a lack of reliable KHV concentration methods for water and sediment samples, although methodology from public health and marine microbiology may be applicable to determine KHV concentration in such samples.4. Few reports have evaluated the environmental factors (e.g. temperature, UV irradiation) that affect the fate of KHV in water bodies. Mass mortality of wild carp caused by KHV infection would result in the removal of a large omnivorous fish from freshwater ecosystems and may thus alter community structure and ecosystem functioning.