Reclaiming the community: the strengths perspective and deinstitutionalization.
Reclaiming the community: the strengths perspective and deinstitutionalization.
复制标题
重塑社区：优势视角和去机构化。
作者：
W. Sullivan
在过去的十年里，对严重精神病患者困境的关注集中在无家可归者的精神疾病、照顾患病亲人的家庭的负担、以及试图靠自己生存的人的生活质量低下等问题上。一些人呼吁重新考虑放弃庇护和放宽民事承诺法，而另一些人则主张增加专门针对严重精神疾病患者的社区服务。本文讨论了这些问题，并考虑了对严重精神疾病的反应是如何过度依赖基于病理的帮助模式的。优势视角提供了另一种选择。虽然严重的精神疾病对受折磨的人来说是一个巨大的障碍，但精神上有挑战的人有优势和能力，可以用来促进他们继续融入社区环境。这种调整最好通过使用自然发生的社区资源而不是专门的、隔离的项目来进行。
In the past decade, concern for the plight of severely mentally ill people has centered on such issues as mental illness among the homeless population, the burden placed on families who care for ill loved ones, and the impoverished quality of life experienced by those who attempt to survive on their own. Some have called for a rethinking of the abandonment of the asylum and a relaxation of civil commitment laws, while others have advocated for increasing community-based services that specifically target severely mentally ill people. This article discusses these issues and considers how the response to severe mental illness has overrelied on pathology-based models of helping. The strengths perspective provides an alternative. Although severe mental illness presents a formidable obstacle to the afflicted, mentally challenged individuals have strengths and abilities that can be tapped to foster their continued integration in community settings. This adjustment is best conducted through the use of naturally occurring community resources rather than specialized, segregated programs.