Development and validation of a smoking expectancies measure for adolescents seeking to quit smoking.
Development and validation of a smoking expectancies measure for adolescents seeking to quit smoking.
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DOI：
10.1080/08897077.2014.897297
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Horn K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Branstetter SA;Mercincavage M;Dino G;Horn K
更全面地了解影响青少年戒烟结果的因素可能有助于加强治疗干预。一个可能影响戒烟成功的有希望但未充分探索的因素是青少年对吸烟结果的具体期望或信念。本研究评估了一种新的预期措施的有效性和可靠性，以及它与762名青少年吸烟者参与美国肺脏协会的非吸烟戒烟计划研究的戒烟结果之间的关系。在参与戒烟计划之前和之后收集自我报告问卷。自我报告的香烟使用情况通过呼吸空气中的一氧化碳进行验证。采用多步骤探索性和验证性因素分析及信效度分析。吸烟预期问卷（SEQ）确定了四个理论上相关但经验上独立的因素：1）积极强化，2）消极强化/情绪调节，3）消极强化/成瘾和戒断，以及4）消极结果/风险。这些因素可以归入一个单一的SEQ因素，反映了整体概念的吸烟预期相关的青少年戒烟。反映积极和消极预期之间平衡的总体SEQ功能评分预测了干预前每天吸烟量和戒烟结果。一个单一的，整体的SEQ功能评分可能被证明是有用的了解个人，社会和背景因素之间的关联，在预测治疗结果。此外，研究结果可能有助于改变戒烟计划参与者的吸烟预期，从而提高不同青少年吸烟人群的治疗效果。
A more comprehensive understanding of factors that affect smoking cessation outcomes among adolescents may help enhance treatment interventions. One promising but underexplored factor that may influence cessation success is teens’ specific expectancies or beliefs about smoking outcomes. The present study evaluated the validity and reliability of a new measure of expectancies and its association with cessation outcomes among 762 adolescent smokers participating in studies of the American Lung Association’s Not-On-Tobacco cessation program. Self-report questionnaires were collected prior to and following participation in a smoking cessation program. Self-reported cigarette use was verified with expired-air carbon monoxide. A multi-step exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and reliability and validity analyses were performed. Four theoretically-related yet empirically independent factors were identified by the Smoking Expectancies Questionnaire (SEQ): 1) Positive Reinforcement, 2) Negative Reinforcement / Emotional Regulation, 3) Negative Reinforcement / Addiction and Withdrawal, and 4) Negative Outcomes/Risk. These factors could be subsumed by a single SEQ factor that reflected an overall concept of smoking expectancies relevant for adolescent smoking cessation. An overall SEQ Function score reflecting the balance between positive and negative expectancies predicted both pre-intervention cigarettes per day and cessation outcomes. A single, overall SEQ Function score may prove useful for understanding the associations among individual, social and contextual factors in predicting treatment outcomes. Additionally, study findings may assist with modifying smoking expectancies among cessation program participants thereby enhancing treatment outcomes with diverse youth smoking populations.