Interrelationships among parental family history of substance misuse, delay discounting, and personal substance use.
Interrelationships among parental family history of substance misuse, delay discounting, and personal substance use.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-015-4074-z
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
MacKillop J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VanderBroek L;Acker J;Palmer AA;de Wit H;MacKillop J
尽管有一致的证据表明滥用药物是家喻户晓的，但家族史(FH)增加成瘾风险的机制还不是很清楚。延迟贴现(DD)是一种可能调节药物使用和成瘾风险的行为特征，它表征了一个人比未来更大的回报更倾向于较小的即时回报。考察FH、DD和个人物质使用的不同方面之间的相互关系，并测试DD作为FH和个人物质使用之间关系的中介变量。这项研究使用众包招募了一个社区样本的成年人(N=732)。通过对感知的父母药物使用问题的简要评估来评估家族史，使用酒精使用障碍识别测试和使用频率的测量来评估个人药物使用，使用六个奖励等级的折扣偏好的潜在指数来评估延迟折扣。更大的折扣与个人酒精、烟草和大麻的使用以及物质实验的水平显著相关。更陡峭的DD也与酒精、烟草和总体药物滥用的父母FH密度更高有关。父母的FH密度与个人物质使用的几个方面显著相关，这些关系部分地被DD所调节。目前的研究表明，由DD测量的冲动是父母FH在以后的生活中增加物质使用的一种最近的机制。DD在这种关系中的因果作用将需要在未来的纵向研究中确定。
Despite consistent evidence of the familiality of substance misuse, the mechanisms by which family history (FH) increases the risk of addiction are not well understood. One behavioral trait that may mediate the risk for substance use and addiction is delay discounting (DD), which characterizes an individual’s preferences for smaller immediate rewards compared to larger future rewards. To examine the interrelationships among FH, DD, and diverse aspects of personal substance use, and test DD as a mediator of the relationship between FH and personal substance use. The study used crowdsourcing to recruit a community sample of adults (N = 732). Family history was assessed using a brief assessment of perceived parental substance use problems, personal substance use was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and a measure of frequency of use, and delay discounting was assessed using a latent index of discounting preferences across six reward magnitudes. Steeper discounting was significantly associated with personal alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use, and level of substance experimentation. Steeper DD was also associated with a denser parental FH of alcohol, tobacco, and overall substance misuse. Parental FH density was significantly associated with several aspects of personal substance use, and these relationships were partially mediated by DD. The current study suggests that impulsivity, as measured by DD, is one proximal mechanism by which parental FH increases substance use later in life. The causal role of DD in this relationship will need to be established in future longitudinal studies.