Recurrent network dynamics reconciles visual motion segmentation and integration.

Recurrent network dynamics reconciles visual motion segmentation and integration.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-017-11373-z
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发表时间:
2017-09-12
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Masson GS
Masson GS
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Medathati NVK;Rankin J;Meso AI;Kornprobst P;Masson GS

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在感觉系统中,一系列的计算规则被认为是由具有不同调谐功能的神经元亚群来实现的。例如,在灵长类动物皮层区MT,不同类别的方向选择性细胞已被确定和相关的运动整合,分割或透明度。然而,这些不同的调谐属性是如何构造的还不清楚。基于线性-非线性前馈级联的主流理论观点没有考虑到它们复杂的时间动态特性和它们在面对不同输入统计时的多功能性。在这里,我们证明了视觉运动处理的递归网络模型可以调和这些不同的属性。使用环形网络,我们展示了兴奋性和抑制性相互作用如何实现不同的计算规则,如矢量平均,赢家通吃或叠加。该模型还捕捉这些行为之间的有序时间转换。特别是,根据抑制机制,网络可以从运动整合切换到分割,从而能够计算单个模式运动或叠加多个输入,如运动透明度。因此,我们表明,经常性的架构可以自适应地产生不同的皮质计算制度,这取决于输入的统计数据,从感觉流整合分割。
In sensory systems, a range of computational rules are presumed to be implemented by neuronal subpopulations with different tuning functions. For instance, in primate cortical area MT, different classes of direction-selective cells have been identified and related either to motion integration, segmentation or transparency. Still, how such different tuning properties are constructed is unclear. The dominant theoretical viewpoint based on a linear-nonlinear feed-forward cascade does not account for their complex temporal dynamics and their versatility when facing different input statistics. Here, we demonstrate that a recurrent network model of visual motion processing can reconcile these different properties. Using a ring network, we show how excitatory and inhibitory interactions can implement different computational rules such as vector averaging, winner-take-all or superposition. The model also captures ordered temporal transitions between these behaviors. In particular, depending on the inhibition regime the network can switch from motion integration to segmentation, thus being able to compute either a single pattern motion or to superpose multiple inputs as in motion transparency. We thus demonstrate that recurrent architectures can adaptively give rise to different cortical computational regimes depending upon the input statistics, from sensory flow integration to segmentation.
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