The human basal forebrain integrates the old and the new
The human basal forebrain integrates the old and the new
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DOI：
10.1016/s0896-6273(04)00080-7
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发表时间：
2004-03-04
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Sullivan, EV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Rosa, E;Desmond, JE;Sullivan, EV
新学习的获得受到前摄干扰（PI）现象的挑战，这种现象发生在以前的学习扰乱以后的学习时。而人类神经影像学研究集中在皮质的贡献干扰分辨率，动物研究表明，有效的分辨率PI依赖于胆碱能调制基底前脑（BF）。BF是否促进人类PI消退尚不清楚。在这里，我们采用了PI范式从动物研究中使用的功能性MRI实验。在PI决议，神经功能完好的受试者招募BF网络，包括传入的前，后皮质的网站与有效的记忆采集和感知处理。尽管表现正常，但已知会破坏BF功能的酒精中毒的非健忘症患者并没有激活BF网络，而是调用了传统上与执行功能相关的前皮质部位。这些结果为并行神经系统提供了证据，每个系统都有可能在面对竞争信息时解决干扰。
Acquisition of new learning is challenged by the phenomenon of proactive interference (PI), which occurs when previous learning disrupts later learning. Whereas human neuroimaging studies have focused on the cortical contributions to interference resolution, animal studies demonstrate that efficient resolution of PI depends on cholinergic modulation from basal forebrain (BF). Whether the BF promotes PI resolution in humans is unknown. Here, we adapted a PI paradigm from animal studies for use in a functional MRI experiment. During PI resolution, neurologically intact subjects recruited a BF network that included afferent anterior and posterior cortical sites associated with efficient memory acquisition and perceptual processing. Despite normal performance, nonamnesic patients with alcoholism, which is known to disrupt BF function, did not activate a BF network but instead invoked anterior cortical sites traditionally associated with executive function. These results provide evidence for parallel neural systems, each with the potential to resolve interference in the face of competing information.