Directional Transmissions and Receptions for High-throughput Bulk Forwarding in Wireless Sensor Networks
Directional Transmissions and Receptions for High-throughput Bulk Forwarding in Wireless Sensor Networks
复制标题
无线传感器网络中高吞吐量批量转发的定向传输和接收
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Voigt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ambuj Varshney;L. Mottola;M. Carlsson;T. Voigt
我们推出 DPT：一种适用于大流量的无线传感器网络协议，它独特地利用了电子可切换定向 (ESD) 天线。大量流量存在于多种场景中，并且基于标准天线技术的支持协议比比皆是。 ESD 天线可以提高这些场景中的性能；例如，通过减少信道争用，因为天线可以将辐射能量仅引导至预期接收器，并且无需额外的能源成本即可扩展通信范围。然而，相应的协议支持很大程度上缺失。 DPT 正是解决了这个问题。首先，当网络静止时，我们收集所有可能的天线配置的链路指标。我们使用这些信息来制定约束满足问题（CSP），使我们能够找到连接源和接收器的两条多跳不相交路径以及相应的天线配置。我们认为特定领域的启发式方法可以改善解决 CSP 的处理需求，从而提高可扩展性。其次，我们获得的路由配置被注入回网络中。在实际的批量传输过程中，源通过在两条路径之间快速交替来传输数据。数据包转发在每一跳都确定地发生。这允许源隐式地为整个管道“提供时钟”，从而无需主动同步两条路径上的传输。我们的结果是在使用符合 802.15.4 标准的无线电和我们构建的定制 ESD 天线的真实测试台中获得的，结果表明 DPT 接近链路层支持的最大吞吐量，在我们测试的设置中峰值为 214 kbit/s。
We present DPT: a wireless sensor network protocol for bulk traffic that uniquely leverages electronically switchable directional (ESD) antennas. Bulk traffic is found in several scenarios and supporting protocols based on standard antenna technology abound. ESD antennas may improve performance in these scenarios; for example, by reducing channel contention as the antenna can steer the radiated energy only towards the intended receivers, and by extending the communication range at no additional energy cost. The corresponding protocol support, however, is largely missing. DPT addresses precisely this issue. First, while the network is quiescent, we collect link metrics across all possible antenna configurations. We use this information to formulate a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) that allows us to find two multi-hop disjoint paths connecting source and sink, along with the corresponding antenna configurations. Domain-specific heuristics we conceive ameliorate the processing demands in solving the CSP, improving scalability. Second, the routing configuration we obtain is injected back into the network. During the actual bulk transfer, the source funnels data through the two paths by quickly alternating between them. Packet forwarding occurs deterministically at every hop. This allows the source to implicitly "clock" the entire pipeline, sparing the need of proactively synchronizing the transmissions across the two paths. Our results, obtained in a real testbed using 802.15.4-compliant radios and custom ESD antennas we built, indicate that DPT approaches the maximum throughput supported by the link layer, peaking at 214 kbit/s in the settings we test.
野生动物监测传感器网络的演变和可持续性
DOI：
10.1145/1869983.1869997
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Dyo V
通讯作者：
Dyo V