A six year study of earthworm (Lumbricidae) populations in pasture woodland in southern England shows their responses to soil temperature and soil moisture
A six year study of earthworm (Lumbricidae) populations in pasture woodland in southern England shows their responses to soil temperature and soil moisture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.06.007
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Sherlock, Emma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eggleton, Paul;Inward, Kelly;Sherlock, Emma
关于英国土壤中土壤性质的时间变化对生态系统工程师的影响的研究很少。这项研究通过提供为期六年的季节性研究的蚯蚓多样性数据来解决这一问题，该研究包括72个月从英格兰南部新森林牧场林地的凋落物和土壤中提取的样本。这些数据是在土壤水分和土壤温度、影响蚯蚓丰度的关键因素以及可能受到未来气候变化强烈影响的因素的背景下进行分析的。使用非参数回归和用于区分年内和年间影响的相加模型对整个期间的数据进行了分析。所有常见物种都存在季节模式，一般在3月份达到最大值，9月份达到最低值。在两个极端干旱时期(2002-2003年和006)，最常见的五个物种中的大多数物种的丰度都出现了大幅下降。与此形成鲜明对比的是，同一物种在2007年非常潮湿的夏季和秋季表现出相对增加的趋势。然而，无论是气候数据还是蚯蚓种类数据都没有明显的总体趋势。在最干旱的几个月里，表生物种八叶石竹的降幅最大，这导致了一次暴跌，以至于在2003年的四个干旱的夏季月份没有对成虫进行采样。另一种同属的物种，也是表层物种，似乎在六年的时间里入侵了林地，而且数量正在迅速增加。这可能表明这两个物种的分布开始发生转变，因为八角莲一般分布在北欧，耐霜性强，而马蹄莲则分布在南欧，耐旱性更强。相比之下，2007年非常潮湿的夏季似乎抑制了蚯蚓数量通常的周期性季节性波动。内生蠕虫物种不会表现出明显的八面体季节模式，可能是因为这些物种能够更自由地在土壤中移动，也因为它们能够退化。这些变化很可能是由于人类活动的蚯蚓(例如，D。temsi)和当地气候的变化所致。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
There are very few studies on the effects of temporal changes in soil properties on ecosystem engineers in UK soils. This study addresses this lack by presenting earthworm diversity data from a six-year seasonality study comprising 72 monthly samples from the litter and soil of pasture woodland in the New Forest, southern England. These data were analysed in the context of soil moisture and soil temperature, key factors affecting earthworm abundance, and factors likely to be strongly affected by future climate change. The data for the whole period were analysed using non-parametric regression and an additive model used to separate within-year and between-year effects. Seasonal patterns are present for all the common species, generally with a maximum in March and a minimum in September. A majority of the five commonest species show a strong decline in abundance during the two extremely dry periods (2002-2003 and 006). In sharp contrast, the same species showed a relative increase during the very wet summer and autumn of 2007. There was, however, no significant overall trend in either the climate data or the earthworm species data. The epigeic species, Dendrobaena octaedra, showed the largest decline in the driest months which caused a crash to the point where there were no adults sampled during the four dry summer months of 2003. A second congeneric species, Dendrobaena attemsi, also epigeic, appears to have invaded the woodland during the six year period and is increasing rapidly in abundance. This may indicate the start of a shift in the distribution of the two species, as D. octaedra generally has a northern European distribution and is frost-tolerant, while D. attemsi has a southern European distribution and is more drought-tolerant. In contrast, the very wet summer of 2007 seems to have damped the usual periodic seasonal oscillations in earthworm numbers. Endogeic worm species do not show the D. octaedra seasonal pattern as obviously, probably because these species are able to move more freely through the soil and because they are able to aestivate. These changes are likely to be due to a combination of human movement of earthworms (e.g. D. attemsi) and variations in local climate. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.