Reversible chromosome condensation induced in Drosophila embryos by anoxia: visualization of interphase nuclear organization.
Reversible chromosome condensation induced in Drosophila embryos by anoxia: visualization of interphase nuclear organization.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.100.5.1623
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发表时间：
1985-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Alberts BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foe VE;Alberts BM
我们研究了果蝇胚胎在合胞胚盘期的细胞核形态。用微分干涉对比光学观察活胚胎中的细胞核;此外，用DNA特异性荧光染料染色后，检查了分离的细胞核和固定的整个胚胎的制剂。我们发现：（a）在每个核循环的间期，核体积急剧增加，然后在前期减少，在间期最短的那些循环中，核体积增加的幅度最大。(b)胚胎缺氧会导致快速的发育停滞，这种停滞在复氧后是可逆的。在此期间，间期染色体凝聚在核膜上，核体积急剧增加。在这些细胞核中，单个染色体清晰可见，并且可以看到每个浓缩的染色体沿着其整个长度沿着粘附在肿胀的核膜的内表面上，使细胞核的内腔缺乏DNA。(c)在每个间期细胞核中，染色体都以“末期构型”取向，所有的着丝粒和端粒都位于细胞核的两极;胚胎周围的所有细胞核（极细胞核除外）都以其着丝粒极指向胚胎外部。
We have studied the morphology of nuclei in Drosophila embryos during the syncytial blastoderm stages. Nuclei in living embryos were viewed with differential interference-contrast optics; in addition, both isolated nuclei and fixed preparations of whole embryos were examined after staining with a DNA-specific fluorescent dye. We find that: (a) The nuclear volumes increase dramatically during interphase and then decrease during prophase of each nuclear cycle, with the magnitude of the nuclear volume increase being greatest for those cycles with the shortest interphase. (b) Oxygen deprivation of embryos produces a rapid developmental arrest that is reversible upon reaeration. During this arrest, interphase chromosomes condense against the nuclear envelope and the nuclear volumes increase dramatically. In these nuclei, individual chromosomes are clearly visible, and each condensed chromosome can be seen to adhere along its entire length to the inner surface of the swollen nuclear envelope, leaving the lumen of the nucleus devoid of DNA. (c) In each interphase nucleus the chromosomes are oriented in the "telophase configuration," with all centromeres and all telomeres at opposite poles of the nucleus; all nuclei at the embryo periphery (with the exception of the pole cell nuclei) are oriented with their centromeric poles pointing to the embryo exterior.