Depressed People Are Not Less Motivated by Personal Goals But Are More Pessimistic About Attaining Them
Depressed People Are Not Less Motivated by Personal Goals But Are More Pessimistic About Attaining Them
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DOI：
10.1037/a0023665
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kinderman, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dickson, Joanne M.;Moberly, Nicholas J.;Kinderman, Peter
尽管其理论上的重要性，个人目标动机很少被检查在临床抑郁症。在这里，我们调查临床抑郁症患者（n = 23）是否不同于从未抑郁症患者（n = 26）的数量自由产生的方法和避免的目标，这些目标的评价，以及为什么这些目标会和不会实现的原因。参与者分别列出了接近和回避目标，并解释了为什么他们会（赞成）和不会（反对）实现他们最重要的接近和回避目标，然后对目标结果的重要性、可能性和感知控制进行评级。与假设相反，抑郁的人没有不同的方法或避免目标的数量，或对这些目标的重要性的感知从未抑郁的控制。然而，从未抑郁的控制相比，抑郁的个人给了较低的可能性判断理想的方法目标的结果，往往给不可取的要避免的目标结果的可能性较高的判断，并给予较低的评级，他们的控制目标的结果。此外，虽然对照组产生的目标实现的有利因素明显多于不利因素，但抑郁的参与者没有。这些结果表明，抑郁的人并不缺乏有价值的目标，但更悲观的可能性，可控性，成功的目标实现的原因。
Despite its theoretical importance, personal goal motivation has rarely been examined in clinical depression. Here we investigate whether clinically depressed persons (n = 23) differ from never-depressed persons (n = 26) on number of freely generated approach and avoidance goals, appraisals of these goals, and reasons why these goals would and would not be achieved. Participants listed approach and avoidance goals separately and generated explanations for why they would (pro) and would not (con) achieve their most important approach and avoidance goals, before rating the importance, likelihood, and perceived control of goal outcomes. Counter to hypothesis, depressed persons did not differ from never-depressed controls on number of approach or avoidance goals, or on the perceived importance of these goals. However, compared to never-depressed controls, depressed individuals gave lower likelihood judgments for desirable approach goal outcomes, tended to give higher likelihood judgments for undesirable to-be-avoided goal outcomes, and gave lower ratings of their control over goal outcomes. Furthermore, although controls generated significantly more pro than con reasons for goal achievement, depressed participants did not. These results suggest that depressed persons do not lack valued goals but are more pessimistic about their likelihood, controllability, and reasons for successful goal attainment.